Hippocratea

Mean-Rejon, G. J. Perez-Espadas, A. R. Moo-Puc, R.E. Cedillo-Rivera, R. Bazzocchi, I. L. Jimenez-Diaz, I. A. Quijano, L. Antigiardial activity of triterpenoids from root bark of Hippocratea excelsa. J. Nat. Prod. 2007, 70, 863-865. 

These processes are normally enzyme-catalyzed. Purefy ctemical processes are seldom encountered with carbon conq)ounds in nature. The few exceptions include the very act of phenol coupling (by which racemic compounds are obtained), cyclization reactions ofpolyprenyl compoimds (which benefit from the preferred conformation of the reaction partners, suitable for the cyclization, Wendt 2000), and Diels-Alder cycloadditions. The latter have been advocated for the biosynthesis of celastroidine A (= volubilide) from a lupane triterpene and an abietane diterpene in two different plants, Hippocratea celastroides Kunth from Mexico (Jimenez-Estrada 2000) and Hippocratea volubilis Linnaeus (Alvarenga 2000). 

Jimenez-Estrada, M. Reyes-Chilpa, R. Hemandez-Ortega, S. Cristobal-Telesforo, E. Torres-Colfn, L. Jankowski, C.K. Aumelas, A. Van Calster, M.R. (2000) Two novel Diels-Alda adducts from Hippocratea celastroides roots and their insecticidal activity. Can. J. Chem., 78, 248-54. 

It contains alkaloids among which are (he maytansinoids, which have had considerable interest as antitumor agents. Samples (165) of 92 species gave the following as positives previously known Calha edulis (2/3), Euonymus atropurpureus, Hippocratea indica, Maylenus mossamhicensis. 

The first Mexican substance searched for, found, and isolated based on old traditions, was the sesquiterpene hemandulcin from Lippia dulcis Trev. It was determined by a human taste panel to be more than 1000 times sweeter than sucrose. The structure of this sesquiterpene was determined and confirmed by chemical synthesis. It was nontoxic when administered orally to mice, and did not induce bacterial mutation.5 Further work has been carried out with some of the plants more frequently used (Table 12.3). The sesquiterpene alkaloids hippocrateine I, hippocrateine II, and emarginatine were identified in Hippocratea excelsa used in Mexican traditional medicine, and antimicrobial abietane type diterpenes were isolated from Salvia albocaerulea.6 7... 

MATA, R., CALZADA, F., DIAZ, E., TOSCANO, R.A., Chemical studies on Mexican plants used in traditional medicine. XV. Sesquiterpene evoninoate alkaloids from Hippocratea excelsa, J. Nat. Prod., 1990,53,1212-1219. 

Although two novel celastroidines were isolated from the roots of Hippocratea celastroides (Celastraceae), only celastroidine A (357) strongly inhibited feeding by Sitophillus zeamais. Celastroidine A (357) is described as Diels—Alder adduct of a triterpene on a diterpene. It was isolated as a white powder.154... 

Hippocrateine I and II (52a,b) were first isolated from root and stem barks of Hippocratea excelsa[ 180], Structures of these compounds were established using FABMS, CIMS, and one-and two-dimensional 1H and NMR. The structure of 52a was confirmed by X-ray crystallography, and its absolute configuration determined by comparison with the known absolute stereochemistry of acanthothamine. Hippocrateine I (52a) was found to be slightly active in the brine shrimp lethality assay (LC50 = 212 pg/ml) and in the 9PS cytotoxicity assay (ED50 = 1.85 x 10"1 pg/ml), but it was inactive in the A-549, HT-29 and MCF-7 cell culture assays [180],... 

The Celastraceae genera are very diversified some of the taxa with most species are Maytenus (225 tropical), Salacia (200 tropical), Euonomynus (176 Himalayas, China and Japan), Hippocratea (120 tropical, South America, Mexico and the South of the USA), Cassine (40 South Africa, Madagascar, tropical Asia and the Pacific), Celastrus (30 principally Asia, some in Australia and in tropical and temperate zones of America), Elaodendrum (16 tropical and subtropical), Pachystima (5 North America) and Gyminda (3 Central America, Mexico and Florida). 

Hippocrateaceae consist of only two genera, Salacia (200 species) and Hippocratea (100 species) with species widely distributed in tropical regions [13]. For some taxonomist, Hippocrateaceae should be included into Celastraceae whilst others maintain that it should be considered a different family. According to Robson, Hippocrateaceae are a not natural... 

A series of lupane caffeoyl esters have been isolated from Celastrus stephanotifolius and Hippocratea volubilis by Chen and coworkers [43] and our research group [44]. 

The reddish brown bark, commonly known as cancerina of Hippocratea excelsa H.B.K., is valuable for treating skin ailments and gastric ulcers and for its pesticidal properties. The sesquiterpene evoninoate alkaloids hippocrateine I (58) and II (59), Fig. (18), were... 

Fig. (18). Macrocyclic sesqiterpenes alkaloids from Hippocratea excelsa...

Furukawa M, Makino M, Uchiyama T, Ishimi K, Ichinone Y, Fujimoto Y. Sesquiterpene pyridine alkaloids from Hippocratea excelsa. Phytochemistry 2002 59 (7) 767-77. 

A series of sesquiterpene evoninoate alkaloids have been isolated from the liana Hippocratea excelsa (Hippocrateaceae) from Mexico (Mata, 1993 Mata et al., 1990). This plant, called cancerina, is used medicinally to treat skin ailments and for its pesticidal properties. The main alkaloid, hippocrateine I (21), was cytotoxic in the 9 PS system (ED50 1.85 X 10 xg/ml) (Mata et al., 1990). This plant also contains small amounts of the antitumor triterpene tingenone (see Chapter 23). 

Mata, R., F. Calzada, E. Diaz, and R. A. Toscano, Sesquiterpene evoninoate alkaloids from Hippocratea excelsa, Planta Medica, 56, 517 (1990). 

Alkaloid from root and stem barks of Hippocratea excelsa (Celastraceae). Gum. Note differing regiochemistry of nicotinoyl group compared with Hippocrateine I, H-00897. 

Hippocrateaceae Anthodon, Cheiloclinium, Hippocratea, Prionostemma Sabiaceae Meliosma... 

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