High-temperature gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

Evershed, R. P., C. Heron, and L. J. Goad (1990), Analysis of organic residues of archaeological interest by high temperature gas chromatography and high temperature gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, Analyst 115, 1339-1342. 

HTGC-MS High temperature gas chromatography-mass spectrometry... 

Bicalho, B., Pereira, A.S., Neto, F.R.A., Pinto, A.C., and Rezende, C.M., Application of high-temperature gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to the investigation of glycosidically bound components related to cashew apple Anacardium occidentale L. Var. nanum) volatiles, J. Agric. Food Chem., 48,1167-1174,... 

Pereira A, Carbonell SA, Radler de Aquino Neto F, Fernandes do Amaral AC, and Barnes RA (2002) High-temperature gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with glass capillary column for screening of natural products. Journal of Chromatography A 947 255-265. 

Evershed, R. P. (1996) High-resolution triacylglycerol mixture analysis using high-temperature gas chromatography/mass spectrometry with a polarizable stationary phase, negative ion chemical ionization, and mass-resolved chromatography. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.y 1, 350-61. 

Buckley, S.A., Stott, A.W., Evershed, R.P. (1999) Studies of organic residues from ancient Egyptian mummies using high temperature-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and sequential thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and pyrolysis-gas... 

Castillo, M. and Barceloe, D., Characterization of organic pollutants in industrial effluents by high-temperature gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 18,26,1999. 

Hilkert, A. W., Douthitt, C. B., Schliiter, H. J. and Brand, W. A. (1999) Isotope ratio monitoring gas chromatography/mass spectrometry of D/H by high temperature conversion isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 13, 1226 1230. 

Methods have been described for determining chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons in soil and chemical waste disposal site samples. The latter method involves a simple hexane extraction and temperature programmed gas chromatographic analysis using electron capture detection and high resolution glass capillary columns. Combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to confirm the presence of the chlorocarbons in the samples [4],... 

NMR) [24], and Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy [25] are commonly applied methods. Analysis using mass spectrometric (MS) techniques has been achieved with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), with chemical ionisation (Cl) often more informative than conventional electron impact (El) ionisation [26]. For the qualitative and quantitative characterisation of silicone polyether copolymers in particular, SEC, NMR, and FT-IR have also been demonstrated as useful and informative methods [22] and the application of high-temperature GC and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) is also described [5]. 

Ebdon, L., Evans, E. H., Pretorius, W. G., and Rowland, S. J., Analysis of geoporphyrins by high-temperature gas-chromatography inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid-chromatography inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 9(9), 939-943, 1994. 

W.A. Carrick, D.B. Cooper and B. Muir, Retrospective identification of chemical warfare agents by high-temperature automated thermal desorp-tion-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, J. Chromatogr. A, 925, 241-249 (2001). 

Kamm el al. (2001) analysed intact steryl esters in the presence of silylated sterols by online transfer from HPLC to a 15 m low-polarity high temperature GC column. Steryl esters were quantified against a cholesteryl laurate internal standard and identified by offline thin layer chromatography-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. When esters of sitosterol, stigmasterol and campesterol with the major cocoa butter acids were measured in cocoa butters from South America, Asia and Africa, no differences were apparent between cocoa butters of different geographical origin, or between deodorized and non-deodorized butters. 

W. G. Pretorius, L. Ehdon, S. J. Rowland, Development of a high-temperature gas chromatography - inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry interface for the determination of metalloporphyrins, J. Chromatog., 646 (1993), 369-375. 

Much more sensitive and less time-consuming techniques such as mass spectrometry, atomic emission, and atomic absorption are needed for the analysis of pollutants. Detectors such as graphite furnace-atomic absorption spectrometer (GF-AAS), inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), or inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-AES) seem to be ideal candidates for the analysis of trace metals because of their very low detection limits. The high temperatures used avoid the need for tedious digestions in many samples. FFF-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry could perhaps be used in the analysis of particular organic molecules. 

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