High Btu gas, production

Equilibrium considerations suggest that the production of a high Btu gas product from benzene without coke formation will require operation at several hundred atmospheres and at relatively low conversions of benzene per pass, using hydrogen partial pressures below those needed for stoichiometric conversion of benzene to methane. 

Figure 14-11. SELEXOL process flow diagram, landfill gas treatment stage 2, high Btu gas production. (Epps, 1992B ...

For a so-called "advanced process of flash hydropyrolysis, (14), a paper by Rockwell International and Cities Service Research and Development reported a 1977 minimum high Btu gas price of 2.36/MMBtu from western subbituminous coal using "AGA/ERDA cost guidelines" with utility financing under conditions yielding significant quantities of by-product BTX liquids. For details, reference was made to contractual reports. 

Finally, a number of options exist for the production of high-Btu gas by hydrocarbonization and hydropyrolysis processes. 

The product cost barrier to the commercialization of high Btu gas from coal is significant. With the factor of four increase in the wellhead price for natural gas, production is increasing and demand is decreasing. At present, the supply of 2 gas exceeds the demand. 

Results of our most recent FDP reactor operations are summarized in Table I and the analyses of the feed coals used are listed in Table II. The main objectives of these experiments were (1) to establish the feasibility of directly producing a high Btu gas by hydrogasifying raw coal in a continuous reactor at economical pressures, (2) to measure the yields and distribution of coal hydrogasification reaction products, and (3) to provide data for scaling up the FDP reactor. 

The outlook for the gaseous fuels segment is that limited development of the resource will continue until company executives are convinced that these fuels can be produced economically. Some uncertainty exists regarding the conversion technology, which also hinders its development. In addition, if the product gases are not upgraded to a high-Btu gas. new distribution systems must be developed. 

The stability of the main boiler steam cycle has been excellent. The large openings that were made for the low Btu gas burners have not caused any disturbances in the water/steam circulation system. Furthermore, as regards the operation of the product gas burners, the product gas combustion has been stable even though the moisture content of the solid fuel has been mostly high and the heating value of the gas very low. The stability of the main boiler coal burners has been normal despite the fact that the product gas burners were integrated very close to the... 

CH4, and H2S contents with less C3-C6 and CO2 contents. The lower C3-C6 levels in the case of the eastern oil shales are due to a more efficient condensation of those gases to the liquid product in our assay procedures (12-13). Gas cleanup would ultimately be expected to yield a higher Btu gas for the eastern oil shale-derived gas than a corresponding western gas due to elimination of H2S in the former and high CO2 levels and condensation of much of the C4-C6 range in the latter. Finally, it should be emphasized that the compositional information presented is based on Fischer assay retorting procedures and may not be entirely representative of products produced under commercial scenarios. 

Table III presents the estimated investments for the production of high pressure (2100 kPa) intermediate Btu gas (IBG) and SNG from wood. Because of the low sulfur content of wood, no sulfur removal facilities are included in the IBG design. Since the methanation catalyst is sulfur-sensitive, sulfur in the synthesis gas in the SNG case is removed down to very low levels.

Principal Product High-Pressure Intermediate-Btu Gas(IBG) Substitute Natural Gas(SNG)... 

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