Hepatitis B immune globulin, human

Hepatitis B immune globulin (human), purified by chromatography procedure... 

ACIP Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CMV-IVIG cytomegalovirus intravenous immunoglobulin DTaP diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis vaccine HBIg hepatitis B immune globulin HDCV human diploid cell vaccine (rabies)... 

Immune Globulin (IG) IG is a sterile solution containing antibodies from human blood. It is obtained by cold ethanol fractionation of large pools of blood plasma and contains 15-18 percent protein. Intended for intramuscular administration, IG is primarily indicated for routine maintenance of immunity of certain immunodeficient persons and for passive immunity against measles and hepatitis. IG does not transmit hepatitis B virus, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), or other infectious diseases. 

Three basic approaches are used to control viral diseases vaccination, antiviral chemotherapy, and stimulation of host resistance mechanisms. Vaccination has been used successfully to prevent measles, rubella, mumps, poliomyelitis, yellow fever, smallpox, chickenpox, and hepatitis B. Unfortunately, the usefulness of vaccines appears to be limited when many stereotypes are involved (e.g., rhinoviruses, HIV). Furthermore, vaccines have little or no use once the infection has been established because they cannot prevent the spread of active infections within the host. Passive immunization with human immune globulin, equine antiserum, or antiserum from vaccinated humans can be used to assist the body s own defense mechanisms. Intramuscular preparations of immune globulin may be used to prevent infection following viral exposure and as replacement therapy in individuals with antibody deficiencies. Peak plasma concentrations of intramuscular immune globulins occur in about 2 days. In contrast, intravenously administered immune globulin provides immediate passive immunity. 

Antibodies and derivatives Immune globulin against hepatitis B (human) BayHep B 217IU/mlin 1 or 5 ml vial, 0.06 ml/kg IM NA... 

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is widespread throughout human populations, specially in Asia and Africa, and it has been estimated that over 200 million carriers exist, some of whom are eventually expected to develop liver carcinoma or cirrhosis. HBV shows a strict tropism for liver hepatocytes in which it displays a protected replication with resultant foci of liver necrosis. The virus is a member of the Hepadnaviridae, along with several other species, and it replicates by a mechanism which appears to be unique to this family. In contrast, hepatitis A virus is a picornavirus and the hepatitis D agent appears to be a viroid-like RNA enclosed within a hepatitis B capsid, and consequently depends upon its association with the HBV for its spread and survival. Control may be effected by passive immunization (with hyperimmune globulin) or by various types of vaccines which are currently being developed and improved. Specific chemotherapy has not been consistently successful, but in some countries (e g., India and China), plant extracts have provided some success. 

---