Heat Exchangers condensing liquids

Saturated steam at 300°C is used to heat a countercurrently flowing stream of methanol vapor from 65°C to 260 C in an adiabatic heat exchanger. The flow rate of the methanol is 5500 standard liters per minute, and the steam condenses and leaves the heat exchanger as liquid water at 90°C. 

The 0.13% neon-helium bleed stream from the Kestner-type condenser is first concentrated by a condensation-rectification action, in heat exchange with liquid nitrogen. The liquid-nitrogen refrigerant used in this step is obtained from the supply of upper-column reflux liquid. An approximate composition of 46 % neon, 19 % helium, 2 % hydrogen,... 

Counter-flow micro heat exchanger the novel Wt-series was developed as a heat exchanger for liquid/hquid, gasfliquid or gas/gas applications and can also serve for evaporation or condensation. 

Condensable hydrocarbon components are usually removed from gas to avoid liquid drop out in pipelines, or to recover valuable natural gas liquids where there is no facility for gas export. Cooling to ambient conditions can be achieved by air or water heat exchange, or to sub zero temperatures by gas expansion or refrigeration. Many other processes such as compression and absorption also work more efficiently at low temperatures. 

The pressure used in producing gas wells often ranges from 690— 10,300 kPa (100—1500 psi). The temperature of the inlet gas is reduced by heat-exchange cooling with the gas after the expansion. As a result of the cooling, a liquid phase of natural gas liquids that contains some of the LPG components is formed. The liquid is passed to a set of simple distillation columns in which the most volatile components are removed overhead and the residue is natural gasoline. The gas phase from the condensate flash tank is compressed and recycled to the gas producing formation. 

FIG, 11 "75 Refrigeration system with a heat exchanger to siihcool the liquid from the condenser. 

Where Water Hammer Occurs. Water hammer can occur in any water supply line, hot or cold. Its effects can be even more pronounced in heterogeneous or biphase systems. Biphase systems carry water in two states, as a liquid and as a gas. Such a condition exists in a steam system where condensate coexists with live or flash steam in heat exchangers, tracer lines, steam mains, condensate return lines and, in some cases, pump discharge lines. 

Internal reflux is induced by means of externally cooled liquid pumparounds. A pumparound simply removes hot liquid from the tower, pumps it through a heat exchanger and then introduces this cooled liquid into the tower a few trays above. Use of pumparounds allows a better distribution of tower loadings than if all the heat were removed from the VPS using an overhead condenser. Four to six trays between sidestreams and two pumparounds are normally specified for a lube VPS. The three liquid sidestream products to be used as lube plant feed stocks are steam stripped to remove lighter boiling components which condense with tire sidestreams. 

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