Growth factor presentation

B. Cell-derived growth factors — present as dimers of polypeptides of 17-30 kDa. 

D. Transforming Growth Factor-/ — present as 2 chains of 24 kDa. Isolated along... 

The authors speculated that a leak mediator, vascular endothelial growth factor, present in eosinophils, and... 

Folic acid was so named because it was discovered as a bacterial growth factor present in spinach leaves. It is one of the B group of vitamins and was soon shown to be the same substance as that... 

There are many other growth factors present in BU, and they regulate growth of cells, some quite distant from the emanating tissues. 

The development of in vitro techniques for culture of eukaryotic cells has clearly demonstrated the dependence of cell proliferation on cell membrane receptor-mediated interactions with macromolecular polypeptide growth factors in serum (for reviews, see Gospodarowicz and Moran, 1976 Bradshaw and Rubin, 1980). And although a few cell lines have been adapted to grow in serum-free defined media, serum is still, for most cell types, a necessary constituent of the culture media. Therefore, it must be considered that modulation of cell proliferation by retinoids might result in certain instances from an alteration by the retinoids of the response pattern of the cell to particular hormones or growth factors present in the serum. 

HISTORY. Carnitine was first isolated from meat extract in 1905, but its structure was not established until 1927. Then, another 20 years elapsed before Fraenkel, in 1947, while investigating the role of folic acid in the nutrition of insects, found that the meal worm (Tenebrio moli-tor) required a growth factor present in yeast. Frankel called this factor Vitamin BT vitamin B because of its water-soluble property, and the T standing for Tenebrio. Because of not being recognized as a vitamin, the name was subsequently changed to carnitine. 

Introduction Biomimetic Surface Modifications Growth Factor-Presenting Materials Biomimetic Hydrogels and Controlled Cell Interactions Composite Scaffolds Used to Mimic Specific Cellular Environments Scaffolds Mimicking the Structure of ECM Conclusions References... 

Dodla, MG and Bellamkonda, RV. 2008. Differences between the effect of anisotropic and isotropic laminin and nerve growth factor presenting scaffolds on nerve regeneration across long peripheral nerve gaps. Biomaterials 29(l) 33-46. 

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