Greenfield project

The overall cost of the IGCC plant was 417 million, which equates to about l,590/kW in 1994 dollars. For an equivalent greenfield project the cost was estimated at l,700/kW. 

ABSTRACT In order to help a junior potash company undertake a successful exploration in Saskatchewan, Canada, geological information and data for the area must first be collected and analyzed. Exploration drilling is a high risk endeavor and every effort should be made to minimize risks. For illustration of exploration process and safety considerations, a drilling incident example is provided to show the importance of careful planning, proper training and clear communication. The exploration procedures and safety considerations successfully applied in Saskatchewan will benefit junior company in the development of his potash greenfield project. 

The last several decades have seen many cycles of world potash demand, the effects of which directly impact potash exploration in Saskatchewan. Saskatchewan s potash industry is currently undergoing a boom with current demand significantly increasing expansion and exploration within the province. Potash activity is presently being undertaken from existing potash producers (as Greenfield and Brownfield Projects) and junior exploration companies (as Greenfield Projects). 

The environmental demands in the two scenarios can also be very different. The greenfield project will need to allocate more resources to activities like environmental permitting which the brownfield owner may be able to deal with in a matter of hours or days. Months may be spent on presentations to investors, governments and future neighbours to explain the impacts of the project on them and to assure them that the emission control equipment at the new plant will be the best in the world. A detailed environmental impact study and the necessary land use permits can take months or years to put in place. The impact of these activities on the project schedule cannot be ignored. 

There are presently two Greenfield projects that have commenced construction ... 

Although 1C data may be useful as a QC/QA tool in greenfield projects, it is considered that the underlying pavement variability in typical South African road upgrading projects would result in inconsistent and unrehable data. The record of pass counts and locations may stUl be useful but such data can be obtained with other simpler systems. 

The Batch Reaction Subcommittee was chaired by Walter L. Lrank of EQE International. Current members of the subcommittee, listed alphabetically are David J. Christensen, Union Carbide Corporation Warren Greenfield, International Specialty Products Philip P. Malkewicz, Nalco Chemical Company Peter L. McGrath, Olin Corporation Louisa A. Nara, Bayer Corporation Leslie A. Seller, CCPS Staff Consultant Robert Schisla, Eastman Chemical Company Anthony Torres, Eastman Kodak Company Dr. Jan C. Windhorst, Nova Chemicals and Paul Wood, Eli Lilly Company. Eormer subcommittee members who contributed much in getting this project started were Eelix Ereiheiter, CCPS Staff Consultant (deceased) A1 Noren, Monsanto Company-Searle (deceased) John Noronha, Eastman Kodak Company (retired) and Robert Stankovich, Eli Lilly Company. 

The breakdown of the investment cost for large-scale LNG plants may vary depending on the plant specification. A representative scope for a typical greenfield plant located to the Middle East for offshore production with an onshore LNG plant having two liquefaction trains shows that the LNG plant per se would account for roughly 50% of the total project, almost... 

The selection of a rate of capital return is dependent on many factors including the nature of the industry in question. For upstream oil and gas developments, or relatively small scale process plant, high rates of capital return are often demanded by the investors to offset short operational lives or perceived higher levels of risk. For very long term (30 year) infrastructure projects often accessing government funds, far lower rates of return are required. Many Greenfield operations in the chemicals industry are planned for a lifetime of 15 to 20 years and rates of return are as appropriate. Conunonly used values for the return on capital in this work are emboldened in the tables. 

ISPA 800 series characterizes the size and shape of 5 pm to 10 mm particles by measuring the projected areas of the particles in a strobed image. The unit, manufactured by Greenfield, can process 15 images per second and can analyze particles moving at 30 m sec. ... 

In the chemical process industries, an investment project may arise from any of a range of activities. It may be a minor modification to an existing plant, a major plant expansion or revamping, a completely new plant (on an existing or greenfield site) or the development of an entirely new process or product. For a major or a new plant, economic... 

We will instead discuss the issues beyond the design of the mechanical and process equipment, which can have significant effects on capital and operating costs. Some important differences between a greenfield and brownfield project are presented, followed by key considerations during site selection. The major components of capital cost are discussed, with emphasis on electrical power and the design of the cellhouse building. Finally, the factors that affect the project schedule are discussed. 

The Mosaic K3 project is largely a Greenfield undertaking. A new shaft will be sunk and outfitted with 2 new hoisting systems. The service hoist will be the first Blair hoist in North America. The production hoist will be similar to those before it, a tower mounted friction hoist. The specifications are as follows ... 

Clearly actual capital costs for each individual project partly depend on chosen scale, process technology and a range of site-specific factors. However, on the basis of recent or planned new greenfield developments, capital costs for new primary lead smelting focilities can be reasonably estimated at between US 2-3000 per annual ton of capacity, with new secondary lead capacity about one half to two-thirds of this. Where smelter refits or modifications are involved, and infrastructure already exists, the capital cost will clearly be much lower. 

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