Renewable materials green chemistry

While this works progresses, a part of our attention should be focused on potential industrial applications. In this regard, the path is set, because important principles of green chemistry are inherent to cellulose derivatives, namely the raw material is renewable, and the products are biodegradable. With regard to these principles, consider the following ... 

Increasing concern for the need to conserve and to use effectively world reserves of raw materials and, at the same time, to reduce the quantities of waste materials which are likely to have an adverse effect on the environment has led to pressure for the increased use of renewable resources and so-called green chemistry . The principles of green chemistry have been enunciated by Hamley and Poliakoff as follows ... 

CARBOHYDRATES AS RENEWABLE RAW MATERIALS A MAJOR CHALLENGE OF GREEN CHEMISTRY... 

Green chemistry efficiently utilizes (preferably renewable) raw materials, eliminates waste, and avoids the use of toxic and/or hazardous reagents and solvents in the manufacture and application of chemical products. 

We cannot blame the reader who is somewhat confused after digesting the material in this chapter. This reader may have sympathy and understanding for the principles of green chemistry. These principles make sense replace nonrenewable by renewable resources, prevent or repair damage... 

Just as several principles of green chemistry are encompassed in a single process, sometimes these two areas overlap and a green chemical technology is simultaneously used in the processing and transformation of a renewable material e.g. sub-and supercritical water oxidation of biopolymers. 

Another important goal of green chemistry is the utilisation of renewable raw materials, i.e. derived from biomass, rather than crude oil. Here again, the processes used for the conversion of renewable feedstocks - mainly carbohydrates but also triglycerides and terpenes - should produce minimal waste, i.e. they should preferably be catalytic. 

These materials are thus promising heterogeneous catalysts for the oxidation of p-isophorone to ketoisophorone. This novel method corresponds to several criteria of green chemistry and sustainable development (1) support from inexpensive renewables, (2) dioxygen as an oxidant, (3) combination of basic and oxidation sites in one solid material to avoid an addition of external base or other additives resulting in no wastes, and (4) easy separation of catalyst from reaction mixture and possibility of recycling. 

The design and synthesis of inexpensive, hydrocarbon based C02-philic materials are of current interest as drey are applicable to the utilization of liquid and supercritical CO2 as an environmentally benign solvent In this section, we describe the molecular interactions involved in enhancing die solubility of carbohydrates in CC>2- We propose the peracetylation of these compounds as a simple method for the preparation of inexpensive, environmentally benign CO2-philes. Utilization of diese materials as COrphiles combines the merits of two important green chemistry principles-environmentally benign solvents and renewable materials. 

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