Green analytical chemistry

Farre M, Perez S, Gonfalves C, Alpendurada MF, Barcelo D (2010) Green analytical chemistry in the determination of organic pollutants in the aquatic environment. TrAC, Trends Anal Chem 29(11) 1347—1362... 

Armenta S, Garrigues S and de la Guardia M. 2008. Green analytical chemistry. Trends Anal Chem 27(6) 497—511. 

Introducing the Concept of Sustainable Development into Analytical Practice Green Analytical Chemistry... 

Greening Analytical Chemistry in Sample Pretreatment General Characteristics. 356... 

The 12 principles of green chemistry proposed by Anastas and Warner1 address mainly aspects of synthetic chemistry the idea of green analytical chemistry was conceived only later.7-8 At first, it did not catch on, but as the green chemistry movement has gained in momentum, the green approach to analytical chemistry has become a key part of green chemistry. 

The next important challenge of green analytical chemistry is in-process monitoring. Developing and using in-line or on-line analyzers enable analytes to be determined in real time, and disturbances to be detected already in the initial steps of a process. This means of analysis provides rapid information and the opportunity for preventive measures to be taken—the process can be stopped or its operational parameters altered—with an overall improvement in efficiency. 

The following sections discuss recent advances in green analytical chemistry in the context of the whole analytical process, that is, from sample collection, sample preparation, to sample analysis, as well as the characteristics of some traditional methodologies that have always been environmentally benign but were never described as green. ... 

GREENING ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY IN SAMPLE PRETREATMENT GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS... 

The main requirements for analysts using chromatographic methods wishing to implement the principles of green analytical chemistry are as follows108 ... 

The principles of green analytical chemistry have also been implemented in electrically driven separation methods in that solvent and sample consumption have been reduced, selectivity increased, analysis times shortened, and mechanically simpler instruments designed. 

ADVANCES IN ELECTROCHEMISTRY SENSING TECHNOLOGY RELEVANT TO GREEN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY... 

Stricter environmental control and effective process monitoring have created considerable demands for innovative analytical methodologies. For meeting the requirements of green analytical chemistry, new devices and procedures with negligible waste generation or no hazardous substances, and in situ real-time monitoring capability, are needed. 

Wang, J. 2002. Real-time electrochemical monitoring Toward green analytical chemistry. Acc. Chem. Res. 35 811-816. 

Wardencki, W. and J. Namiesnik. 2002. Some remarks on gas chromatographic challenges in the context of green analytical chemistry. Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 11 185-187. 

Green analytical chemistry is an essential component of green chemistry. The ongoing development of new solvent-free techniques is a good example of activities in this field. The following direct analytical techniques (in which a preparation step is not necessary) may be treated as typical examples of environmentally friendly procedures ... 

Green analytical chemistry—application of the concept of sustainability in analytical laboratories... 

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