Government republican

At the time of Degas visit, the men in Rillieux s white family were briefly involved in the Unification Movement, an abortive attempt by pragmatic white and black businessmen to head off Reconstruction by radical Republicans and voluntarily integrate local governments and public schools. After the Unification Movement failed and Degas returned to France, Rillieux s relations moved on to support whites-only political movements. In a pitched street battle, an all-white militia fought an integrated city police force 32 people died before federal troops restored order. 

It is obvious that the objection on the part of congress [to admitting Asians to citizenship] is not due to color, as color, but only to color as an evidence of a type of civilization which it characterizes. The yellow or brown racial color is the hallmark of Oriental despotisms. .. It was deemed that the subjects of these despotisms, with their fixed and ingrained pride in the type of their civilization. . . were not fitted and suited to make for the success of a republican form of Government. Hence they were denied citizenship. 

Race politics can only proceed from a racialized sense of the social order—an understanding that this or that race shall work toward this or that aim. In this sense the nation s first naturalization law, in 1790, represented race politics par excellence, as did its drastic revision in 1924. The former proceeded from an assumption that only white persons were truly fit for the rigors of republican self-government the latter, from a revised estimation that, whoops, only Nordics were fit after all. But race politics itself also holds the power to generate a racial order of its own the political mobilization of individuals and groups around a racially posed question can itself exert influence upon existing patterns of race-consciousness and racial salience. 

In 1993, the Clinton administration proposed an 8.1 billion tax on insurance and chemical companies to pay for the cleanup of the 1,300 worst Superfund sites. In return, the government would have ended attempts to recover the cleanup costs through tort suits, but only for those sites. A.M. Best, an insurance rating company, estimated that the 8.1 billion was only a downpayment on a total environmental liability of 255 billion. In contrast, the total capital of the property and casualty industry was only 180 billion. Republican opposition prevented passage in both the House and the Senate (Quint 1994). 

Birch Bayh, Democratic senator from Indiana from 1963 to 1981. With Republican senator Robert Dole, he cosponsored the Bayh-Dole Act of 1980 or the University and Small Business Patent Procedures Act, which gave universities and small businesses ownership of patents resulting from projects funded by the federal government. The major drug companies benefited as well They can license new drugs from the universities and small businesses that discovered them. 

Theodore Roosevelt, Republican president of the United States from 1901 to 1909. Concerned about the impurity and misleading claims of patent medicines, he supported government efforts to improve the safety of drug use with the passage of the 1906 Pure Food and Drug Act. The legislation represented a modest first step but was followed by stronger efforts in decades to follow. 

A sense of responsibility for the world is one of the most important of the virtues of citizenship that, along with concern for the world, have traditionally been emphasized by republicanism. In the following chapter I examine this virtue, along with other meanings that responsibility can have. I also look at how decisions about technology are made, by government and by individuals. To what extent are they responsible decisions, informed by a sense of responsibility for the world ... 

Citizens of the United States believe, or are supposed to believe, that a republic is the best form of government. Yet vast confusion arises from trying to be republican in politics and monarchist in religion. How can a republic be the best form of government if the universe, heaven, and hell are a... 

---