Gold standard

The LMTO method is the fastest among the all-electron methods mentioned here due to the small basis size. The accuracy of the general potential teclmique can be high, but LAPW results remain the gold standard . 

The gold standard for environment management systems is BS EN ISO 14001 as summarized by Table 17.16. 

TCA peels were first described by Roberts in 1926. Many consider TCA the gold standard by which other peels are measured. Concentrations of 10-30% are used for superficial peeling. TCA precipitates epidermal proteins, causing sloughing and necrosis of the treated area. The extent of damage is concentration dependent. In contrast to glycolic acid, Jessner s solu-... 

Sting provocation tests are often considered to be the gold standard, although they are less reliable in vespids than in honey bees [35-37, 41, 43]. They are commonly used to assure the efficacy of venom immunotherapy, but are generally considered as unethical in untreated patients with a history of venom anaphylaxis. 

Compliance. There is a common approach, taken by companies looking at ELN systems, to view them as risky this is mostly in comparison to what is seen as the gold standard of reliability and low risk, the paper notebook. In fact, there is an alternative approach to thinking about the implementation of an IP and regulatory records management system (which is just what a paper or electronic notebook is) that does take into consideration the risks associated with paper notebooks. 

The first issue lies in the whole realm of the human disease process itself. Many adverse drug events mimic diseases and vice versa. Is an adverse event really an adverse event, or is it merely a natural occurrence of a disease process that is entirely independent of drug exposure The science of drug safety is often complicated by the lack of objective markers of drug toxicity that can systematically separate a disease process from an adverse drug event process [2]. Clinical trials, often viewed as the gold standard to assess efficacy, are simply too limited in scope to answer safety questions in a systematic way. 

Morphine and its derivatives continue to be considered the gold standard for alleviating pain. Morphine is metabolized in the liver via N-dealkylation and glu-coronidation at the third (M3G) or sixth position (M6G). Although M3G are the most common metabolites (accounts for 50% of the metabolites produced), they elicit no biological activity when bound to MOR. It is the M6G metabolite (accounts for 10% of the metabohtes produced) that elicits the nociceptive/analgesic effect upon binding to the p opioid receptor (Dahan et al. 2008). M6G is predominately eliminated via renal excretion. 

For any intervention intended to impact favorably upon human health, it is important to evaluate its safety and efficacy in order to demonstrate that it does not cause harm and it does provide the expected benefit. The gold standard method for evaluating any intervention, whether it be a botanical product, dietary supplement, drug, medical device or medical procedure, is the randomized, clinical trial (RCT). A clinical trial is a type of experiment conducted in human subjects where the effects of at least two interventions are compared. Often, the clinical trial takes the form of an active treatment compared to an inactive control or placebo. 

This is the gold standard of environmental impact assessments. It has been developed over more than 20 years, and is governed by international standards ISO 14040 and ISO 14044. The process is very detailed, and each LCA is a project in its own right. It is far too expensive and time-consuming for screening innovation ideas. It is most effectively used for large-scale policy questions, and for justifying specific environmental claims when a new product or service is launched. 

Venography (also known as phlebography) is the gold standard for the diagnosis of DVT. However, it is an invasive test that involves injection of radiopaque contrast dye into a foot vein. It is expensive and can cause anaphylaxis and nephrotoxicity. 

The current gold standard of treatment for cognitive symptoms includes pharmacologic management with a cholinesterase inhibitor and/or an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist. 

TSH 0.S-2.S milliunits/L (0.5-2.5 microunits/mL)a Gold standard may be lowered by dopamine, dopamine agonists, glucocorticoids, octreotide, recovery from severe nonthyroidal illness... 

Levothyroxine (Synthroid , Levoxyl , Unithroid ), other brands, and generics Synthetic LT4 25, 50, 75, 88, 100, 112, 125, 137, 150, 1 75, 200, and 300 meg tablets 500 meg vial for injection 60 meg Gold standard for treating hypothyroidism products not therapeutically equivalent full replacement dose 1-1.6 meg/kg per day when switching from animal product, lower calculated daily dose by 25-50 meg intravenous form rarely needed... 

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