Glyceryl tri-palmitate

Saponification.—With a fat, which is a glycerol ester of a higher fatty acid, typified by glyceryl tri-palmitate, the reaction yields glycerol and the salt of the acid or acids, present, as follows ... 

Saponification Niunber, Koetstorffer Value.—When an ester is saponified the reaction is quantitative. In the case of a pure glycerol ester, e.g., glyceryl tri-palmitate, saponification is in accordance with the following reaction ... 

From the molecular weights of 806 for glyceryl tri-palmitate and of 56.1 for potassium hydroxide, the mass proportions are ... 

Glyceryl tri-palmitate Potassium hydroxide 806 168.3 Taking the mass of glyceryl tri-palmitate as i.oo the mass of potassium hydroxide becomes 0.2088. That is, to saponify 1.00 gm. of pure ester will require 0.2088 gm. of potassium hydroxide. Expressing... 

FIGURE 4.1 Differential scanning calorimetry heating and cooling curves of glyceryl tri-palmitate (Dyn 116) bulk material, with microparticles prepared by solvent evaporation and microparticles prepared by melt dispersion 1 d after the preparation. The plots are displaced vertically for better visualization. (Adapted from [13] with permission from Elsevier.)... 

Glyceryl monooleate is prepared by the esterification of glycerol with fatty acids, chiefly oleic acid. As the fatty acids are not pure substances, but rather a mixture of fatty acids, the product obtained from the esterification will contain a mixture of esters, including stearic and palmitic. Di- and tri-esters may also be present. The composition and, therefore, the physical properties of glyceryl monooleate may thus vary considerably from manufacturer to manufacturer e.g., the melting point may vary from 10-35°C. 

The variety of substances used as additives in polymers is considerable. For example, the fillers may include china clay, various forms of calcium carbonate, talc, silicas (diatomaceous silica), silicates, carbon black, etc. The impact modifiers typically include other polymers. Plasticizers include certain polymers with low (oligomers), dialkyl phthalates, dialkyl sebacates, chlorinated paraffin waxes, liquid paraffinic fractions, oil extracts, etc. Heat stabilizers include heavy metals salts such as basic lead carbonate, basic lead sulfate, dibasic lead phosphite (also acting as a light stabilizer), dibasic lead phthalate, stearates, ricinoleates, palmitates and octanoates of cadmium and barium, epoxide resins and oils, amines, diphenylurea, 2-phenylindole, aminocrotonates. The antioxidants include tris-nonyl phenyl phosphite, 2,6-di-ferf-butyl-p-cresol (BHT), octadecyl-3,5-di-terf-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate, etc. The UV stabilizers include modified benzophenones and benzotriazoles. Processing lubricants include calcium stearate, stearic acid, lead stearate, various wax derivatives, glyceryl esters and long-chain acids. Fire retardants include antimony oxide, some pyrophosphates, etc. 

Ester Gum 8D Ester Gum 8D-SP, Ester Gum 10D. See Glyceryl rosinate Ester Gum 105, Ester Gum A, Ester Gum AAL, Ester Gum AAV. See Rosin Estol 1461. See Glyceryl stearate SE Estol 1467, Estol 1474. See Glyceryl stearate Estol 1476. See Isobutyl stearate Estol 1481. See Cetearyl stearate Estol 1482. See Methyl stearate Estol 1501. See Methyl tallowate Estol 1502. See Methyl laurate Estol 1512, Estol 1514. See Isopropyl myristate Estol 1517. See Isopropyl palmitate Estol 1526. See Propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate Estol 1540. See Octyl cocoate Estol 1543. See Octyl palmitate Estol 1545. See Octyl stearate Estol 1574. See Ethylene glycol diacetate Estol 1579. See Tri aceti n Estol 1583. See Glyceryl diacetate Estol 1593. See PEG-3 diacetate Estol 3613. See Octyl laurate Estol 3655. See Decyl oleate Estol 3659. See Ethyl oleate Estol 3684. See PEG-6 caprylic/capric glycerides... 

Hexadecanoic acid, compd. with 2,2, 2"-nitrilotris (ethanol). See TEA-palmitate Hexadecanoic acid, diester with 1,2,3-propanetriol. See Glyceryl dipalmitate Hexadecanoic acid, diester with N,N,N-tris (2-hydroxyethyl) methanaminium methyl sulfate. See Dipalmitoylethyl hydroxyethylmonium methosulfate... 

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