Glycerine derivatives

V. Kerscher, W. Kreiser, Enantiomerenreine Glycerin-Derivate durch enzymatische Hydrolyse prochiraler Ester , Tetrahedron Lett. 1987, 28, 531 -534. 

Kerscher, V, Kreiser, W, Enantiomeren reine glycerin-derivate durch enzymatische hydrolyse prochiraler ester. Tetrahedron Lett., 28, 531-534, 1987. 

The nmie glycerine derived from the Greek word yXvKus = sweet, was first employed by Chevrenl in the year 1814, and this chemist also studied in... 

Mota, C.J.A., Da Silva, C.X.A., Rosenbach Jr., N., Costa, J., Da Silva, F., 2010. Glycerin derivatives as fuel additives the addition of glycerol/acetone ketal (solketal) in gasolines. Energy Fuels 24, 2733—2736. 

Nitroparaffins, Explosives Derived From. Although mononitroparaffms are generally not expl, they can be used for the prepn of expls Aaronson (Ref 1) nitrated nitroisobutyl-glycerin to Nitroisobutylgjycerintrinitrate, 2-nitro-2-methyl-l,3-propane diol to 2-Nitro-2-methyl-l, 3-propanedioIdinitrate, and 2-nitro-2-methyl-l-propanol to 2-Nitro-2-methyl-l-pro-panolnitrate. Their prepn and characterization follow ... 

Polymerized Alcohols. Polyhydric alcohols (qv) such as pentaerythritol, sorbitol and glycerin can be used as the polyol component of polyethers (qv) which are used as expl and propint binders. Polyoxypropylene derivs of sorbitol have been employed extensively as components of polyurethane resins (qv), also employed as a propint binder... 

There may be more than one hydroxyl group in an organic molecule. Polyalcohols are widely found in nature as all starchs and sugars are polyalcohols including sucrose (table sugar), and all fats, both vegetable and animal, are derivatives of glycerine. 

Reaction of acetic acid solutions of Ru3(CO)i2 with mixtures of CO and R2 under pressure produces substantial amounts of methyl acetate and smaller quantities of ethylene glycol diacetate/ as shown in Table I. Other products observed in these reactions are traces of glycerine triacetate and small amounts of ethyl acetate. (The ethanol is apparently derived largely from acetic acid by catalytic hydrogenation, since reactions in propionic acid solvent yield similar quantities of propyl propionate and only traces of ethyl propionate.)... 

The Effect of Crosslinker Concentration on the Rate of Polymerization. Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate is used most frequently as the crosslinker for HEMA formulations useful in contact lens manufacturing. To demonstrate the effect of crosslinker concentration on the curing rate, formulations derived from HEMA/Glycerine/BME at 85/15/0.17, while varying EGDMA (from 0.34 to 0.68), the peak times were about the same (3.73 and 3.61 minutes respectively). This is reasonable due to the similarity in molecular structure of the crosslinker and the monomer, and the low amount of crosslinker used. The possible presence of other crosslinker, such as the dimerization product of HEMA, is even less a factor to be considered in polymerization kinetics, due to low concentration (normally much less than 0.1 %, in-house information). 

In the hydrolysis of fats, a small amount of water dissolves in the fat and reacts to form an acid and glycerine. Then the glycerine migrates to the water phase. The differential equation representing this process was derived and checked against a plant test by Jeffreys, Jenson Miles (Trans Instn Chem Engrs 29 389-396, 1961). Flow rates per unit cross section are L of the fat stream, G of the water stream.. Other symbols are,... 

External-mixing air-assist atomizers. Derived from ethanol (glycerin)-air spray data with initial thickness of flat circular sheet up to 0.7 mm and varied air impingement angles Sampled with oil-coated slides... 

Derived from spray data for high-viscosity liquids (mixtures of glycerine and water) of 50flows through discharge slots and impacts both sides of a flat liquid sheet from a discharge slot inbetween the air slots) Droplet size measured by Malvern 2600HSD Spray Analyzer Effects of air slot thickness included... 

The industrial fatty acid-DETA derivatives were evaluated for application to soil. Water infiltrated soil coated with the BETA derivative of tallow more rapidly than the controls. This was due to the high unsaturation content and also in part to the glycerine retained in the product as discussed below. We were unable to find a solvent system which would readily separate the glycerine, formed from the triglyceride, from the BETA reaction product. If the glycerine were removed, the infiltration rates for the tallow-DETA derivative should be identical with the rates obtained for tallow fatty acid-DETA reaction product. 

In recent years, industrial research has created new opportunities for the use of new types of plant-derived oils in polyurethane applications [25]. In addition to the use of natural glycerin or sugars as a starter for conventional petrochemical polyols. 

Seed oil triglycerides consist of three fatty acids esterified to glycerin. Although most plants produce at least some Cie fatty acids, the majority of the triglycerides are comprised of Cig fatty acids. The balance of the fatty acids is quite specific to the plant from which the oil is derived, but the most prominent fatty acids among all plant species consist of a series of 18-carbon fatty acids containing zero, one, two, or three sites of unsaturation. These fatty acids are stearic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids, respectively. These are the main fatty acids found in most seed oils and are illustrated in Fig. 5. 

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