Glutamate-activated receptors

Other systems also interact with glutamate. Activation of L-type voltagegated calcium channels (VGCC) occurs with NMDA receptor activation. Lamotrigine blocks several ion channels, including P- and N-type VGCC channels, an action that blocks the euphoric effects of ketamine and reduces dysphoric and cognitive effects (Hundt et al. 1998). Other modulatory sites,... 

During ischaemia, NOS is activated by calcium influx or by cytokines like tumour necrosis factor (TNF) or by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and NO is produced in excess. It has been proposed that the excitotoxic effect of glutamate, which contributes to ischaemia-induced neuronal damage, is mediated by increased production of NO via a chain of events that includes increases in intracellular calcium (via glutamate activation of NMDA receptors), calcium activation of NOS, production of NO and peroxynitrite, and induction of lipid peroxidation. In fact, N-nitro-L-atginine, a selective inhibitor of NOS, has been shown to prevent glutamate-induced neurotoxicity in cortical cell cultures (Dawson rf /., 1991). 

Quisqualic acid - has neuroexcitatory activity (stimulant of glutamic acid receptor)... 

Several different types of serotonin receptor (for example, S-HTi / 5-HT2A/ 5-HT2C/ 5-HTib/id) have been associated with the motor side effects of the SSRIs which may arise should these drugs be administered in conjunction with a monoamine oxidase inhibitor. The 5-HT3 receptor is an example of a non-selective cation charmel receptor which is permeable to both sodium and potassium ions and, because both calcium and magnesium ions can modulate its activity, the 5-HT3 receptor resembles the glutamate-NMDA receptor. Antagonists of the 5-HT3 receptor, such as ondansetron, are effective antiemetics and are particularly useful when... 

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