Glucose Sodium gluconate

Hie two main differences between caldum gluconate and sodium gluconate production are that, in the latter, pH control is performed by addition of sodium hydroxide and the initial glucose concentration is different... 

Medium containing up to 35% glucose is steam sterilised by a steam jacket around a conventional stirred tank reactor. pH adjustment starts as the medium cools and is maintained at 65. Vigorous aeration is again required. Inoculation is usually by using a mycelial suspension. Under these conditions a 30% glucose solution can be almost quantitatively converted to sodium gluconate within 36 hours. 

Starting glucose concentrations in calrium gluconate fermentations are higher than those for sodium gluconate fermentations. 

False. The reverse is true, because sodium gluconate is far more soluble than caldum gluconate high glucose concentrations can be used to produce higher production yields of sodium gluconate. 

Sodium gluconate is produced by the neutralization of gluconic acid with NaOH, or it can be fermented directly from glucose. Sodium glucoheptonate is made directly from the reaction of NaCN with glucose250. 

The selective oxidation of D-glucose into gluconic acid was selected as catalytic test reaction. The reactor vessel and the experimental conditions were described in detail elsewhere [8]. The pH of the reaction mixture was kept at a constant value in the range 9.25-9.45 by adding a 20 wt.% aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide with an automatic titrator (Stat Titrino 718) from METROHM. The base consumption was recorded as a function of time. 

Thielecke et al. have recently developed a flow reactor system for glucose oxidation by using AU/AI2O3 and Au/Ti02 as catalysts and have examined the long-term stability of the catalysts for industrial use [195-197]. The productivity of sodium gluconate was estimated to be 4.2 tg u and AU/AI2O3 showed no loss in catalytic activity and selectivity after 70 days operation [195]. 

In alkaline media, sodium gluconate (NaGH4) (the oxidation product of D-glucose) stabilizes the Mn Mn and Mn oxidation states. Reaction of the dinuclear Mn gluconate with O2 is first-order with respect to each reactant, yielding the species and HgOg. Further oxidation of the dinuclear Mn complex gives the Mn complex and peroxide ions ... 

Two reviews cover the microbial production processes for conversion of glucose to gluconic acid and its caldum and sodium salts (Milson and Meets 1985 Roehr et al. 1996). Hlasiwetz and... 

---