Glasses surface composition

If the rf source is applied to the analysis of conducting bulk samples its figures of merit are very similar to those of the dc source [4.208]. This is also shown by comparative depth-profile analyses of commercial coatings an steel [4.209, 4.210]. The capability of the rf source is, however, unsurpassed in the analysis of poorly or nonconducting materials, e.g. anodic alumina films [4.211], chemical vapor deposition (CVD)-coated tool steels [4.212], composite materials such as ceramic coated steel [4.213], coated glass surfaces [4.214], and polymer coatings [4.209, 4.215, 4.216]. These coatings are used for automotive body parts and consist of a number of distinct polymer layers on a metallic substrate. The total thickness of the paint layers is typically more than 100 pm. An example of a quantitative depth profile on prepainted metal-coated steel is shown as in Fig. 4.39. 

Such analytes require carefully chosen extraction conditions in terms of pH, solvent composition and technique. Also, these analytes tend to become lost by adsorption on (glass) surfaces or undergo conjugation so that a chemical or enzymatic deconjugation step may be required. Often only the use of radiotracers... 

Numerical treatment of Eq. (4.104) gives Zmax values for the different composite systems as shown in Table 4.3. It is worth emphasizing that for the SiC fiber-glass matrix composites, z, ax values are very small relative to values, irrespective of the fiber surface treatments and when compared to other epoxy matrix based composites. 

The subject of silane chemistry and its interaction with both glass surface and polymer resins have been studied extensively. Since the silane coupling agent for improving the bond quality has first appeared in the literature (Rochow, 1951), a wide variety of organofunctional silanes has been developed, prominently by Plueddemann and coworkers. An early compilation of this subject for epoxy and polyester matrix composites (Plueddemann et al., 1962, Clark and Plueddemann, 1963 Plueddemann, 1974), and more recent reviews on the use of silane agents and... 

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