Glass devices

Process Variable or Actuation Controlling Devices Measuring Alarm Devices Devices Primary Elements Wells Glass Devices for Visual Observation... 

Channel material Glass Device outer dimensions 50 X 20 mm ... 

The interdigital feed can be fed in a counter-flow or co-flow orientation the first principle is realized in metal/stainless-steel devices [23, 25] and the latter in glass devices [24]. Glass mixers allow observation of hydrodynamics, e.g. for process control during reaction. To prolong residence time and/or to increase temperature, tubes are usually attached to interdigital micro mixers. These comprise millimeter dimensions or below, if necessary. 

A special glass device called a kinematic viscometer tube is shown in Fig. 3.6. To use the device, the liquid is added to the tube to fill the large bulb on the right. The tube is submerged in a thermostatted bath so... 

By 1963, we had done considerable testing of LSD by the oral route, but we knew the military was more interested in the effectiveness of the respiratory route. Our first study of aerosolized LSD made use of an ancient Devilbiss nebulizer, a glass device relied on for decades by asthma sufferers. We partially filled its glass chamber with a very dilute solution of LSD in distilled water. 

The correlation of residence time to reaction time is critical in the ability to treat the volume of the channel as a continuous gradient in molecular mass. ATRP is particularly well-suited to this type of device because the reaction can be initiated at a fixed mixing element at the head of the channel where a catalyst and initiator can be brought together. By replacing a small molecule initiator with a polymer chain capable of being reinitiated, copolymers could be prepared. This was done in the thiolene/glass devices with a poly(n-butyl methacrylate) block... 

General comments. The construction of the main vacuum line should, if possible, be done by a professional glass blower, and the actual work with the line will most likely require the construction of some complicated, non-purchasable, glass devices designed by the operator, which will also require the services of a professional, who should therefore be available in-house or nearby. 

Figure 7.2 Electropherogram of a mixture of FITC-labeled amino acids, achieved in an oxidized PDMS/glass device [20].

The first dual-electrode amperometric detection was achieved on a PDMS-glass device. An analyte was oxidized at the first electrode, and was then reduced at the second electrode. This method was used to positively identify catechol (100 iM) among a complex mixture containing ascorbic acid [748],... 

The use of an intercalating dye, SYBR Green I, for real-time PCR can only be performed in an all-glass device, rather than one of PDMS-glass, because the dye and DNA appeared to migrate into the PDMS (Sylard 184) polymer [447],... 

In one report, plasmid DNA (supercoiled Bluescript SK) was digested by Taql restriction enzyme in a Si-glass device with two channels. The flow streams of DNA and enzymes were first introduced in individual channels, and then moved to mix and stopped to react (at 65°C for 10 min) [392]. 

Arora, A., Eijkel, J.C.T., Morf, W.E., Manz, A., A wireless electrochemiluminescence detector applied to direct and indirect detection for electrophoresis on a microfabricated glass device. Anal. Chem. 2001, 73, 3282-3288. 

Chiem, N., Lockyear-Shultz, L., Andersson, P., Skinner, C., Harrision, D.J., Room temperature bonding of micromachined glass devices for capillary electrophoresis. Sensors Actuators B 2000, 63, 147-152. 

A McLeod gauge (1874) is a mercury-in-glass device most useful in measuring lower pressures, in the range 10 mbar to 10 6 mbar it uses Boyle s law and consists of two connected vessels, with different volumes V and v. A measured larger volume of gas V at the pressure of the system is compressed into a smaller volume v, at a pressure that is then measured directly. The ratio of the two volumes (V/v) determines the sensitivity of the gauge. One should remember that mercury constitutes a health hazard, because its vapor accumulates in the liver or spleen. 

Figure 1. Glass device for the study of the Bunsen reaction...

We have recently reported [60] a DOD system in a stiff polymeric device based on an integrated microvalve [54]. This system allows for formation of both droplets and bubbles on demand (Fig. 9), in both the flow-focusing and the T-junctions, and can be made compatible with any chemistry by the virtue of its compatibility with both polymeric and glass devices. 

Separate oontroUers Self- actuated (integral) regulating valves Safety (relief) valves Record- ing Indi- cating Glass devices for observation only (no measurement, Record- ing Indi- cating Blind Primary element Wells... 

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