Glass-ceramics properties and applications

Kokubo, T. (1991) Bioactive glass ceramics Properties and applications. Biomaterials, 12, 155-163. 

Kokubo T. "Bioactive Glass-Ceramics Properties and Application," Biomaterials, 12, 155-63 (1991). 

T. Kokubo, Bioactive glass-ceramics properties and applications, Biomateiials 12 (1991) 155-163. 

Properties and Applications of SiC Reinforced Glass and Glass-Ceramics... 

I. W. Donald, Preparation, Properties and Applications of Glass and Glass-Ceramic Matrix Composites, Key Eng. Mat. 108-110, 123-144 (1995). 

T. Kokubo, Mechanical Properties of a New Type of Glass-Ceramic for Prosthetic Applications, in Multiphase Biomedical Materials, T. Tsuruta and A. Nakajima, eds, VSP, Utrecht, Netherlands, 1989. 

It is common to refer to thick-film metallizations as "gold," or "silver," or "copper" — the conducting metal component in the paste. It is important to keep in mind that the typical conductors for ceramics are compositions of glasses, ceramic powders, and conducting metal particles. As a result, the conductivity of typical gold conductors is 30-50% that of bulk copper and that of typical silver conductors, 70-90% that of bulk copper. The conductivity of plated thick-film and DBC approach that of bulk copper. Table 2.1 summarizes the properties of typical conductors for ceramic application. 

A fluorine mica glass-ceramic with a mica phase containing Au ions, was developed in Japan. In addition, Zr02 crystals were formed in this glass-ceramic (Sumikin Photon Ceramic Co., 1998). The properties and applications of this material are discussed in Section 4.1.3. The trade name of this glass-ceramic is Fotovel . 

These desired applications determine the main requirements to be fiilfilled in the development of glass-ceramics for dental applications. The main objective is to produce a new biomaterial, the properties of which correspond to those of natural teeth. The most important properties are mechanical properties, biochemical compatibility with the oral environment, and a degree of translucency, shade, opalescence, and fluorescence similar to that of natural teeth. An abrasion resistance similar to that of natural teeth must also be achieved. The new biomaterial must demonstrate higher chemical durability than natural teeth, to prevent it from being susceptible to decay. 

Wilder J.A., Healey J.T., and Bunker B.C., "Phosphate Glass-Ceramics Formation, Properties, and Application" pp. 313-26 in Advances in Ceramics, Vol. 4, Nucleation and Crystallization in Glasses. Edited by J.H. Simmons, D.R. Uhlmann, and G.H. Beall. American Ceramic Society, Columbus, OH 1982. 

F.B. Siebers, N. Greulich, W. Kiefer Manufacture, properties and application of open-pore sintered glasses and open-pore sintered glass-ceramics , Glastechn. Ber. 62, 62-73 (1989)... 

G.H. Beall Structure, properties, and application of glass-ceramics, in Advances in Nucleation and Crystallization in Glasses Amer. Ceram. Soc. Sp. Pub. 5, 251-261 (1971)... 

Vogel, W. Holand, W. (1988). Development, properties and application of bioglass-ceramics in medicine. Adv. Eusion Glass, 33.16-33. 

Beryllium oxide shows excellent thermal conductivity, resistance to thermal shock, and high electrical resistance. Also, it is unreactive to most chemicals. Because of these properties the compound has several applications. It is used to make refractory crucible materials and precision resistor cores as a reflector in nuclear power reactors in microwave energy windows and as an additive to glass, ceramics and plastics. 

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