Glandular epithelial tissue

As would be expected of active protein secreting cells, glandular epithelial tissue, the cytokine secreting cells of the immune system and the blood vessel endothelium, have an extensive internal structure consisting of rough endoplasmic reticulum and numerous mitochondria. Peptide hormones, growth factors and cytokines like all proteins are synthesized by DNA transcription and mRNA translation. The primary transcript of the mRNA may code for an inactive prohormone which requires careful proteolysis to produce the active hormone, as for example in the case of insulin. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is particularly interesting in this respect because... 

Adenoma A nonmalignant tumor of epithelial tissue characterized by glandular structures. 

Figure 5.30 Illustration of the structure of epithelial tissue barriers in the body. Modified from [31] and Stedmann s Medical Dictionary. Epithelial tissues have a variety of histological patterns (a) simple squamous as found in the initial segments of ducts in glands and the alveolus (b) simple cuboidal as found in glandular ducts and ovary (c) simple columnar as found in stomach, intestines, uterus, and cervix ...

Thus, there was a total of 8 rats for evaluation in the control group and 12 in the experimental group. In the control group given an extract of fish alone, there were no neoplastic changes in the stomach or pancreas except an epithelial hyperplasia of the glandular stomach of one rat (Table 1), Instead, there were tumors in the testes, kidneys, and soft tissues, as are often seen in aged rats. 

Malignant cells are divided into categories based on the cells of origin. Carcinomas arise from epithelial cells, whereas sarcomas arise from muscle or connective tissue. Adenocarcinomas arise from glandular tissue. Carcinoma in situ refers to cells limited to epithelial origin that have not yet invaded the basement membrane. 

The prostate gland comprises three types of tissue epithelial or glandular, stromal or smooth muscle, and capsule. Both stromal tissue and capsule are embedded with at -adrenergic receptors. 

Thyroid epithelial cells synthesize and secrete T4 and T3 and make up the functional units of thyroid glandular tissue, the thyroid follicles. Thyroid follicles are hollow vesicles formed by a single layer of epithelial cells that are filled with colloid. T4,T3, and iodine are stored in the follicular colloid. T4 and T3 are derived from tyrosyl residues of the protein thyroglobulin (Tg). Thyroid follicular cells synthesize and secrete Tg into the follicular lumen. Thyroid follicular cells also remove iodide (I ) from the blood and concentrate it within the follicular lumen. Within the follicles, some of the tyrosyl residues of Tg are iodinated, and a few specific pairs of iodoty-rosyl residues may be coupled to form T4 and T3. Thus, T4, T3, and iodine (in the form of iodinated tyrosyl residues) are found within the peptide structure of the Tg that is stored in the follicular lumen. 

Frigeri A, Cropper MA, Umenishi F, Kawashima M, Brown D, Verkman AS (1995) Localization of MIWC and GLIP water channel homologs in neuromuscular, epithelial and glandular tissues. J Cell Sci 108 2993-3002... 

Although ERp distribution is closely related to the expression of ERa in some tissues, the expression of these two receptors does not seem to be linked. Some ERa-positive cells lack ERp, while other cells show both of these receptors, and still other cell types are ERp-positive and ERa-negative. A few examples follow. In the endometrium, both ERp and ERa are present in luminal epithelial cells and the nuclei of stroma cells, while ERp expression is weak or absent in the endometrial glandular epithelia. In the... 

Demodicosis is thought to be caused by an over-infestation of the mite in the follicles and pilosebaceous glands of the eyelids. These parasites cause destruction of the epithelial and glandular tissue, producing follicular distension, hyperplasia, increased keratinization, and acute inflammation. Dead mites and keratinization may play a role in the stagnation of secretions, which adds to the overall disease process. No current studies adequately prove the minimum number of mites necessary to produce symptoms therefore their role in pathogenesis remains imclear. It has been postulated that Demodex... 

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