Genetic rearrangements

The hallmark of T- and B-lymphocytes is that each single lymphocyte expresses antigen receptors of a single specificity that was created randomly during the development of that individual lymphocyte. This is achieved mainly by sequential genetic rearrangement... 

Deletion A genetic rearrangement through loss of segments of DNA (chromosomes), bringing sequences, which are normally separated, into close proximity. [NIH]... 

Hallet, B. Sherratt, D.J. (1997) Transposition and site-specific recombination adapting DNA cut-and-paste mechanisms to a variety of genetic rearrangements. FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 21,... 

The introduced genetic materials should be well-characterized to ensure that any introduced genes do not encode harmful substances and should be inserted stably in the plant genome to minimize the chance for subsequent undesired genetic rearrangements. 

Genetic rearrangements (RET and TRK) and mutations (BRAF and RAS) are responsible for the development of the majority (70%) of papillary carcinomas. 

Through the combined effects of mutations, gene duplication, and genetic rearrangement, organisms can develop new proteins. The process of organismal evolution is largely a consequence of this molecular evolution of proteins. 

Migratory water birds are primary hosts for the influenza virus, which they spread to domestic birds. Genetic rearrangement takes place and produces viruses that can be transmitted to humans. An outbreak in China in 1997 provides a striking example of how the process works. The deadly strain of influenza that appeared at that time was a combination of three viral strains from quail, geese, and teal from mainland China. Genetic recombination took place in the... 

Because symmetry is a recurring theme for protein-DNA interactions, the DNA sequence may have functional importance. One possibility is that the DNA sequence could be a binding site for a dimeric regulatory protein. Alternatively, inverted repeat sequences sometimes serve as hot spots for genetic rearrangements because they may form hairpin secondary structures that block DNA polymerases or are processed by structure-specific endonucleases. 

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