Genetic predisposition conditions

Without regard to therapy, potentially valuable diagnostic tests are available for presymptomatic evaluation of risk of breast cancer due to predisposition from BRCA 1 or BRCA 2 and of colon cancer related to familial adenomatous polyposis (APC gene) or hereditary nonpolyposis mismatch repair genes (MSH 2). Genetic predisposition to Alzheimer disease associated with ApoE4 is neither sufficient nor necessary to lead to the clinical condition, and no definitive therapy is available. 

Spontaneous reports of osteoporosis, osteopenia, bone fractures, and delayed healing of bone fractures have been seen in the isotretinoin population. While causality to isotretinoin has not been established, an effect cannot be ruled out. Physicians should use caution when prescribing isotretinoin to patients with a genetic predisposition for age-related osteoporosis, a history of childhood osteoporosis conditions, osteomalacia, or other disorders of bone metabolism. This would include patients diagnosed with anorexia nervosa and those who are on chronic drug therapy that causes drug-induced osteoporosis/osteomalacia and/or affects vitamin D metabolism, such as systemic corticosteroids and any anticonvulsants. 

Since the early 1940s, it has been known that there is a genetic predisposition to allergic contact dermatitis, a skin condition that is one of the most common maladies caused by workplace exposure to xenobiotics and to cosmetics (see Section 9.3). A study published in 1993 revealed that some individuals have a genetic predisposition to produce human leukocyte (white blood cell) antigen, resulting in allergy to nickel, chromium, and cobalt.4... 

Genetic predisposition Cardiac predisposition Sympathetic influence Pathophysiological conditions... 

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Although anti-osteoporotic drugs have a good safety profile, some patients can suffer cumbersome adverse effects, such as osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ). The pathogenesis of ONJ is unclear, but ischemia and genetic predisposition have been suggested to play a role in the development of this condition. Some SNPs of genes... 

Other terms are encountered frequently in discussions of patients with cardiomyopathy. Familial cardiomyopathy is used to denote a condition found in more than one family member. Genetic predisposition may occur in aU three functional types. Ischemic cardiomyopathy is another frequently used term. Patients with occlusive atherosclerotic CAD and LV dysfunction are said to have ischemic cardiomyopathy. Ischemic cardiomyopathy is not a true cardiomyopathy because there is an identifiable cause of the ventricular muscle dysfunction. 

The factors that govern individual susceptibility to chemical respiratory allergy and the impact of environmental conditions on the effectiveness of sensitization remain unclear. Risk assessment and risk management of chemical respiratory allergy would benefit considerably from a clearer understanding of genetic predisposition and the influence of air quality on sensitization. 

In several conditions, /3-aminoisobutyrate is produced in such large quantities that it appears in urine. Among these are a genetic predisposition for slow /3-aminoisobutyrate conversion to succinyl-CoA and diseases that cause massive cell destruction, such as leukemia. Because it is soluble, excess /3-aminoisobutyrate does not cause problems comparable to those observed in gout. 

Depression is caused by a number of factors including genetic predisposition, social and environmental factors, and biologic conditions such as insufficient monoamine neurotransmitter (norepinephrine and serotonin). 

Biological systems may act in a chaotic manner. The outcome of a human life, for example, depends not only on genetic predisposition, but also on environmental factors such as nutrition, education, and opportunity. Therefore, the outcomes (accomplishments, life styles, number of offspring, etc.) may be dependent not only on initial conditions but also on conditions... 

There has been found a genetic variation present in 47% of the U.S. population that codes for a protein active in the brain, gastrointestinal tract, and immune system. This gene is associated with autism. It is likely that there is a genetic predisposition to the condition that is triggered by unknown environmental events. 

Although, vitiligo is generally considered to be an acquired condition, several cases of congenital vitiligo have been described (722, 147). A genetic predisposition is considered to be involved in this disease (72, 188). 

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