Genes ssDNA

Additional viruses that may prove of some use as future viral vectors include adeno-associated virus and herpes virus. Adeno-associated virus is a very small, single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) virus—its genome consists of only two genes. It does not have the ability to replicate autonomously and can do so only in the presence of a co-infecting adenovirus (or other selected viruses). 

The construction of intact virus particles from the genomic DNA and protein subunits is often a complex process. It is simplest for the small filamentous ssDNA viruses (Fig. 7-7). The subunits are synthesized as soluble proteins, which enter the cell membrane, then lose their leader sequences. As the viral DNA coated by the viral gene 5 ssDNA-binding protein enters the membrane, the binding protein is replaced by the coat subunits, 422-424... 

P53 gene DNA Hybridisation to surface covalent-linked ssDNA probe on multi-SPCE network Impedance measurement +400mV dc, lOmV ac at 10 kHz to 80 Hz 1-200 nM 1 nM Marquette et al. [129]... 

An ESI mass spectrum of a mixture of 1 1 d(pT)13 d(pA)14 with the gene V protein (Fig. 13a) shows the existence of a double-stranded dimer and of a complex between the protein and a single d(pT)13 oligonucleotide. Complexes of the protein with the dsDNA, or with d(pA)14 do not appear in the spectrum. This clearly points to the preference for binding ssDNA over dsDNA and poly(dT) over polyfdA). When the mixture of d(pT)13 d(pT)15 ... 

Chitosan has been utilized along with hydrothermally prepared nano-ZnO nanoparticles for DNA hybridization detection. The detection limit is obtained as 1.09 x 10"11 mol L 1 of complementary target [66], A MWNTs/nanoZnO/CH modified nanocomposite GCE electrode has been used for DNA immobilization via physisorption. This biosensor can effectively discriminate different DNA sequences related to PAT gene in the transgenic com, with detection limit of 2.8 x K)"12 mol/L of target sequence [67], In another report they have deposited ZnO nanoparticles, MWNTs and CH layer onto glassy carbon electrode to immobilize ssDNA probe. A remarkable synergistic effect of the ZnO nanoparticles and MWNTs has been achieved after ssDNA probe immobilization for fabrication of sensitive electrochemical DNA biosensor. The modified electrode shows a wide linear response for DNA hybridization detection. (1.0 x 10"11 to 1.0 x 10"6 mol/L) with detection limit of 2.8 x 1 O 12 mol/L [68],... 

R. Suenaga, K. Mitamura, N. I. Abdou. V gene sequences of lupus-derived human IgM anti-ssDNA antibody implication for the importance of the location of DNA-binding amino acids. Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1998, 86, 72-80. 

A DNA chip, or microarray, is a solid support such as glass or plastic to which thousands or hundreds of thousands of oligonucleotides or ssDNA fragments have been attached. Analysis of a microarray can provide information about gene expression. 

Although we were not able to determine the reason(s) for this result, methylation status might affect the correction efficiency (H. Tsuchiya et al., unpublished results). On the other hand, as expected, the ssDNA fragment with the sense sequence dramatically improved the gene correction efficiency, with a more than 10-fold enhancement over the conventional PGR... 

A great enhancement in SFHR-mediated gene correction efficiency was obtained using a sense ssDNA fragment. However, gene correction needs to be more effective for clinical applications. The further improvement of nucleic acids - for example, the addition of nuclease resistance - could potentially increase gene correction to therapeutic levels. 

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