Gates, Robert

Gates, Robert M. Prom the Shadows The Ultimate Insider s Story of Five Presidents and How They Won the Cold War. New York Simon and Schuster, 1996. 

Submitted by Walter J. Musliner and John W. Gates, Jr.1 Checked by D. Robert Coulson and Richard E. Benson... 

The structure of morphine was first determined in 1925 by Sir Robert Robinson (1886— 1975) and John Masson Gulland (1898-1947). A total synthesis of morphine was achieved in 1952 at the University of Rochester by Marshall D. Gates (1915—2003) and his co-worker Gilg Tschudi. Since its first synthesis, a number of other processes have been used to synthesize morphine in the laboratory, but none of these is economically viable. Therefore morphine continues to be obtained through biosynthesis from poppy plants. 

R. E Field Howard M. Fitch Jared H Ford Robert L Frank D. K. Fukushima J. W. Gates, Jr. 

Anderson, P.A.V, Roberts-Misterly, J., and Greenberg, R. M. 2005. The evolution of voltage-gated sodium channels were algal toxins involved Harmful Algae 4, 95-107. 

The attractiveness of silicon as a semiconductor material for ICs derives in part from the feet that this important material forms a naturally insulating surface oxide. Use is made of this fact, for example, in metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) field-effect transistors (FET), where the oxide serves as the gate insulator. No such naturally insulating oxide occurs with any of the compound semiconductors that offer improved performance over silicon in many device apphcations. Roberts et al. (38) demonstrated the feasibiUty of such metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) structures as FETs and chemical sensors shown schematically in Figure 1.23. These researchers... 

Acknowledgements The author thanks Doug U. Ahn, Marilyn Schneider, and Robert Gates for reviewing the manuscript, and Kimberly J. B. Sokorai and Robert Richardson for technical assistance. 

It seems logical to conclude that countries might want to add biological warfare weapons to their military armamentaria out of fear, believing that they may be at a military disadvantage if their enemies have these weapons. Robert Gates, former Director of Central Intelligence, stated, in a speech delivered in San Francisco, California, to the Comstock Club on 15 December 1992, that for some,... 

Further, the study and workshop intentionally spanned both technical disciplines and the social sciences. Ideas or work from across the experimental and theoretical physical and life sciences are included and contributions of social scientists were actively sought. To paraphrase Secretary of Defense Robert Gates, the challenges facing the world require a much broader conception than during the Cold War, and the solutions will require application and engagement of additional intellectual disciplines that transverse previous conceptions of interdisciplinary. 

Speech as delivered by Secretary of Defense Robert M. Gates to the Association of American Universities (Washington, DC), April 14, 2008, http //www.defenselink.mil/speeches/speech. aspx speechid=1228. Accessed 30 June 2008. 

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