Gastric digestion juice

In the area of a gastric or duodenal peptic ulcer, the mucosa has been attacked by digestive juices to such an extent as to expose the subjacent connective tissue layer (submucosa). This self-digestion occurs when the equilibrium between the corrosive hydrochloric acid and acid-neutralizing mucus, which forms a protective cover on the mucosal surface, is shifted in favor of hydrochloric acid. Mucosal damage can be promoted by Helicobacter pylori bacteria that colonize the gastric mucus. 

H2 Antagonists and the Treatment of Peptic Ulcers. Treatment of peptic ulcers is a complicated and multilevel therapy in which Hj antagonists are very successful and widely used (and abused). Peptic ulcers may affect either the stomach (gastric ulcers, less common overall but more common in people with iatrogenic [i.e., physician-induced] ulcers from the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [NSAIDs]) or the duodenum (duodenal ulcers). The lining of the stomach or duodenum is attacked by the digestive juices to such an extent that the protective mucous layer on the surface has... 

Gastrointestinal motility is an essential function of the digestive and absorptive processes of the gut. It propels intestinal contents, mixes them with digestive juices, and prepares unabsorbed particles for excretion. Gastric motility has been shown to be inhibited by D-glucose in the intestinal fluid. 

When the products of gastric digestion reach the duodenum, bicarbonate secreted by the pancreas begins to neutralize the stomach acid. The concentration of bicarbonate in pancreatic juice ranges from about 70 to about 150 meq/H (21). In a study involving human subjects, Murthy et al. (22) found the pH of duodenal aspirates to range from 4.7 to 7.2 following administration of a Lundh Test meal. 

Moreover, the fact that the mechanical actions play no rdle in the elaboration of the digestive juices had already been proved by Bidder and Schmidt, who had found, with a dog provided with a gastric fistula, that the escape of juice could be produced by the simple sight of the nourishment, simply by reason of the desire to eat. This observation remained for a long time without confirmation, although it was in complete agreement with the data then possessed on salivary secretion. Taken up again by Pawlow and his pupils, it served as the basis for a whole series of extensive studies relative to psychic influences on secretions. 

The nudeo-proteins under the influence of enzymes are successively transformed into nucleins, into nudeic adds, then into xanthin bases, into phosphoric acid, etc. But only the first phase of the transformation, that which corresponds to the formation of protein and nudein, can be realized by p>epsin and trypsin. The nudeins resist the action of the digestive juices, botii gastric arid pancreatic. The transformation of the nucleins first into nucldc adds, then into phosphoric add and into purin bas, is induced in living cells, on the contrary, by the endo-cellular enzymes, which bear the name of nucleases. 

Lipase is present in several digestive juices in addition to pancreatic juice. It is present in saliva (8-12), although it is possible that some of the lipase activity ascribed to salivary lipase may result from the presence of microorganisms (13). The presence of gastric lipase, first described by Marcet in 1858 (I), has often been disputed. Nevertheless, there appears to be substantial evidence in favor of the existence of a true gastric lipase in both gastric juice and mucosa (14r-18). The intestinal secretions contain lipase (19-22). 

Finally, the influence of the brain on gastric secretion appears to be undeniable. Imagination, memory of favorite tastes, can stimulate secretion of an appetite juice, a truely active digestive juice.]... 

EXERCISE 16,7 What is the pH of a sample of gastric juice (digestive juice in the stomach) whose hydronium-ion concentration is 0.045 M ... 

Pumping the stomach—Normally, the minerals which are abundantly present in the digestive juices secreted by the stomach are almost totally absorbed in the intestine so that only negligible amounts of these essential substances are lost in the stool. However, the pumping of gastric fluid from the stomach results in the removal of large quantities of chloride and potassium ions, so that deficiencies of these elements may result, unless measures are taken to replace them. 

Potassium is an important intracellular (present within the cell) cation present in body fluids as well as tissues. An adult man needs about four gram of potassium per day. Potassium is present in orange, pine apple, bananas, dried peaches, potatoes, chicken etc. Coconut water is a rich source of potassimn. Alter absorption by intestine, potassium enters digestive juices like gastric juice, bile juice, intestinal juice etc. and then it is removed by the body in the form of urine. 

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