Gases insoluble

Oxidants and reductants may be classified conveniently according to their physical state, that is, whether they are gases, insoluble solids, or in solution. A reagent is classified as a gas if it is removed by volatilization, even though it may have been added in the form of a solution. The following discussion presents a comparison of a number of representative reagents. 

Butadiene is a colorless gas, insoluble in water but soluble in alcohol. It can be liquefied easily under pressure. This reactive compound polymerizes readily in the presence of free radical initiators. 

The ideas in a) and b) were used by D. H. Lewis and P. R. Ryason to describe flows of gas-containing polymer melts [64]. They considered gas insoluble in the melt. The effects of gas solubility are summed up in [20, 21]. 

SURFACE. In physical chemistry the area of contact between two different phases or states of matter, e.g., finely divided solid particles and air or other gas (solid-gas) liquids and air (liquid-gas) insoluble particles and liquid (solid-liquid). Surfaces are the sites of tire physiochemical activity between the phases that is responsible for such phenomena as adsorption, reactivity, and catalysis, The depth of a surface is of molecular order of magnitude, The term interface is approximately synonymous with surface, but it also includes dispersions involving only one phase of matter, i.e., solid-solid or liquid-liquid,... 

A sample of CPi was freed from carbonate by digestion with carbonated water and subsequent washing it was dried thoroughly, and 35.132 grams of the material (analyzing 211.2 cc. NO per gram) was heated in vacuum at 75°. The results are summarized in the following table, where all gas volumes have been reduced to 0° and 760 mm. The residual gas, insoluble both... 

D. Systems for ktaL Determination—Instantaneous Reactions Solute Gas Insoluble Gas... 

As it has been shown by Frenkel [28] and Harvey [29], a decrease in the resistance of a liquid at the cavitation break is most likely to be determined by nonwettable hydrophobic solid particles having small cracks filled with gas insoluble in the liquid (Figure 1). 

AI3-37711 Amylene n-Amylene 2-Butene, 2-methyl- EINECS 208-156-3 Ethylene, trimethyl- HSDB 2072 p-lsoamylene 2-Methyl-2-butene 2-Methylbut-2-ene 3-Methyl-2-butene NSC 74118 Trimethylethylene 1,1,2-Trimethylethylene UN2460. Used in organic synthesis, high-octane fuel manufacture. Volatile liquid mp = -133.7° bp D 38.58° d O = 0.6623 Am = 205 nm (a = 851, gas) insoluble in H2O, soluble in Et20, Me2CO... 

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES shiny, silver-white liquid odorless liquid evaporates at room temperature to form mercury vapor, a colorless, odorless gas insoluble in hydrochloric or similar acids soluble in hot concentrated sulfuric acid insoluble in water and inorganic solvents MP (-38.89°C, -38°F) BP (356.9°C, 674.4 = F) DN (13.534 gW at 25°C) LSG... 

This apparatus may be used for detection of any radioactive gas insoluble in toluene. 

Butadiene byu-to- dI- en, - dI-K [ISV butane - - dir -h -ene] (1900) N. Buta-1,3-diene, 1,3-butadiene, erythrene, vinylethylene, bivinyl, divinyl. CH2=CHCH=CH2. A gas, insoluble in water but soluble in alcohol and ether, obtained from cracking of petroleum, from coal-tar benzene, or from acetylene. It is widely used in the formation of copolymers with styrene, acrylonitrile, vinyl chloride and other monomers, imparting flexibility to the products made from them. Its homopolymer is a synthetic rubber. As noted it is a synthetic chemical compound, used principally in the... 

Theoretically these equations apply only to a process carried out at constant temperature and constant total pressure on the liquid phase. In most mixtures encountered in distillation, if one varies the composition at constant temperature, the total pressure also varies and Eqs. (3-20) to (3-22) are not strictly applicable. The equations would apply for this constant-temperature case if some method other than the vapor pressure were employed to exert pressure on the liquid which was adjusted to keep the total pressure constant e.gr., a gas insoluble in the liquid could be added to the vapor to maintain constant total pressure. Actually, these equations apply satisfactorily for most engineering purposes if they are employed at constant temperature and a variable total pressure equal to the vapor pressure. The error introduced is that due to the change in the fugacity of the liquid with the total pressure which can be calculated by Eq. (3-7). A more exact relationship for binary mixtures at constant temperature is... 

This model covers both the case of two water-in-oil droplets (W/O) and that of two gas-in-water bubbles (G/W) containing a solute (or a gas) insoluble in... 

G. L. Gaines, Jr., Insoluble Monolayers at Uquid-Gas Interfaces, Interscience, New York, 1966. 

The usual situation, true for the first three cases, is that in which the reactant and product solids are mutually insoluble. Langmuir [146] pointed out that such reactions undoubtedly occur at the linear interface between the two solid phases. The rate of reaction will thus be small when either solid phase is practically absent. Moreover, since both forward and reverse rates will depend on the amount of this common solid-solid interface, its extent cancels out at equilibrium, in harmony with the thermodynamic conclusion that for the reactions such as Eqs. VII-24 to VII-27 the equilibrium constant is given simply by the gas pressure and does not involve the amounts of the two solid phases. 

Gaines G L 1966 Insoluble Monolayers at Liquid-Gas Interfaces (New York Intersoienoe)... 

Physical properties. All colourless. Formaldehyde, HCHO, is a gas, and only its aqueous solution, which has a characteristic pungent odour, is considered metaformaldehyde or trioxymethylene , (CH20)3, is a solid polymer, insoluble in water and ethanol. 

Sulfur is pale yellow, odorless, brittle solid, which is insoluble in water but soluble in carbon disulfide. In every state, whether gas, liquid or solid, elemental sulfur occurs in more than one allotropic form or modification these present a confusing multitude of forms whose relations are not yet fully understood. 

Gravimetric methods based on precipitation or volatilization reactions require that the analyte, or some other species in the sample, participate in a chemical reaction producing a change in physical state. For example, in direct precipitation gravimetry, a soluble analyte is converted to an insoluble form that precipitates from solution. In some situations, however, the analyte is already present in a form that may be readily separated from its liquid, gas, or solid matrix. When such a separation is possible, the analyte s mass can be directly determined with an appropriate balance. In this section the application of particulate gravimetry is briefly considered. 

Compressed gas systems were originally developed simply to provide a means of expelling a product from its container when the valve was depressed. SemisoHd products such as a cream, ointment, or caulking compound are dispensed as such. A Hquid concentrate and a compressed gas propellant (Fig. 3) produce a spray when a mechanical breakup actuator is used. Nitrogen, insoluble in most materials, is generally used as the propellant. 

Aerosols using an insoluble gas are not intended to be shaken before use. Shaking causes some of the propellant to be dispersed in the Hquid concentrate. Although the product may then be dispersed to a greater extent, greater loss of propellant also results. If enough propellant is lost, the product win become inoperative. 

---