Gardner test

In practice, however, the multiaxial stress applied in a falling dart test without a preferred direction, has to be expected. This is addressed by the Gardner test of ASTM, in which a falling dart strikes centrally on a flat surface (e.g. a circular disk). The results of both test methods are important polymer design considerations. 

One of the most important properties—impact resistance—has been tested in various conditions of acceleration of the impact weight (acceleration being recorded on an oscilloscope). In this way, the falling rate, impact strength, and kinetic energy transmitted to the film can be calculated by the Gardner test [41, 42],... 

R. Eley, in J. Koleske, ed.. Paint Testing Manual Gardner-SwardHandbook, 14th ed., ASTM, Philadelphia, 1995, p. 333. 

Methods employed to determine the impact resistance of plastics include pendulum methods (Izod, Charpy, tensile impact, falling dart, Gardner, Dynatup, etc.) and instrumented techniques. In the case of the Izod test, what is measured is the energy required to break a test specimen transversely struck (the test can be done either with the specimen notched or unnotched). The tensile impact test has a bar loaded in tension and the striking force tends to elongate the bar (Chapter 5, Impact Strength). 

Hylton, D. C. Understanding Plastics Testing. (2004) Hanser Gardner Publications, Cincinnati. 

C.M. Neag, Coatings characterization by thermal analysis. In J.V. Koleske (Ed.), Paint and coating Testing Manual. Gardner-sward Handbook, 14th ed., ASTM, West Conshohocken, PA, 1995, Chapter 75, ASTM Man. 17 (1995) 843-845. 

In 1940 most of the shellac imported into the United States came in through the docks of Brooklyn. It was, therefore, appropriate that W. H. Gardner had selected the Polytechnic as the site to establish a national testing laboratory a few years before. Research at the laboratory, called the Shellac Bureau, centered on evaluating the properties of this important natural resin. On assuming his position in Brooklyn, Mark was assigned to the Shellac Bureau. 

To further understand the action of the hydroxide ions on the primer properties, weight gain tests were undertaken on various, commercially available adhesives. We attempted to prepare neat samples of ten types of adhesive agents (ie top coats and primers) which had been recommended by the manufacturers as suitable for marine applications. The neat samples were prepared with the use of a commercial adjustable wet film applicator supplied by the Paul Gardner Company. This applicator will lay films up to 0.25inches... 

Gardner E. Recording results of AIDS tests can be a balancing act. sidebar. Mod Healthcare 40, Nov. 3, 1989. 

Ford 1, Norrie J and Ahmedi S (1995) Model inconsistency, illustrated by the Cox Proportional Flazards model Statistics in Medicine, 14, 735-746 Gardner MJ and Altman DG (1989) Estimation rather than hypothesis testing confidence intervals rather than p-values In Statistics with Confidence (eds MJ Gardner and DG Altman), Fondon British Medical Journal, 6-19... 

Transmission and Haze Measurements. Light transmission measurements were made with a Gardner color difference meter and the haze measurements, using a Hazemeter attachment on the Gardner colorimeter. Test pieces were 3 X 3 X % inch sheets having glossy surfaces obtained by molding on chrome plates. All measurements were made at 23°C. 

Mechanical Properties of Cast Resins. The toughness of the cross-linked polymers was determined by the area under the stress-strain curve and by the energy required to fracture. The fracture or impact energy, expressed in inch-pounds, was measured by a simple but reliable test— the Gardner impact—which consists of striking cured specimens with a 2-lb round-nose rod, %-inch in diameter, from various distances the test specimens were discs 0.1 inch thick by 2.0 inches in diameter. 

Camklfi Brain (hypothalamus, hippocampus, cortex, cerebellum, septum, thalamus, amygdala, olfactory bulb) Uterus, ovary, testes, heart, skeletal muscle, pancreas, placenta, liver, lung, spleen (Naito et al., 1997 Ueda et al., 1999 Gardner et al., 2000 Loseth et al., 2000 Rina et al., 2001)... 

Gardner, R.J., Bobrow, M., and Roberts, R.G., 1995, The identification of point mutations in Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients by using reverse-transcription PCR and the protein truncation test, Am J Hum Genet, 57, pp 311—320. 

It is also interesting to note that the long-term power variations of the disk noise (part [b] of figure 4.19) seem to be related to the disk rotation period (0.77s for a 78 rpm record). This result indicates that the noise present on this particular analog disk is certainly not stationary, but that it could be cyclostationary [Gardner, 1994], More elaborate tests would be needed to determine if this noise is indeed cyclostationary, and what type of cyclostationarity is actually involved (the simplest model would be an amplitude modulated stationary process) [Gerr and Allen, 1994],... 

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