Galium species

Muiillo-Alvarez JI, Encarnacidn DR, Franzblau SG (2001) Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of some medicinal plants from Baja California Sur (Mexico). Pharm Biol 39(6) 445-449 Muzychkina RA (2000) Certain Kazakhstan Galium species. I. Chem... 

Revina TA, Shustova TN (1982) Study of Galium species in connection with their prospective medicinal use. In Rastitelnuiye Resursui Yuzhnoi Sibiri, ikh Ratsionalnoye Ispolzovaniye i Okhrana (Plant resources of Southern Siberia, their rational use and conservation), Tomsk, pp 91-94 (in Russian)... 

Alizarin, Pseudopurpurin, Purpurin as well as Lucidin, Morindone, Munjistin and Rubiadin in Madder and other closely related dyestuffs of natural origin from plant species such as Rubia tinctorum L. and other R. species, Odenlandia species, Morinda species and Galium species. 

Several species of the family Rubiceae Rubia, Coprosma, Galium, Morinda, Asperula... 

Table II. Hydroxyanthraquinone dyes in Rubia-, Relbunium-, Galium-, and Oldenlandia-species...

Figure 1 shows a chromatogram with the dyes of various Rubia, Galium, and Relbunium species. The following hydroxyanthraquinones on this chromatogram indicate clearly the presence of a definite dye plant of the mentioned species ... 

Post-emergence control of a wide range of broad leaved weeds especially Galium aparine, Abutilon theophrasti, Ipomoea hederacea, Chenopodium album and several mustard species in cereals... 

Figure 3. Model of the mode of action of auxin herbicides in the induction of growth inhibition, tissue damage and senescence in dicot plant species, as illustrated for cleavers Galium aparine). ABA, abscisic acid ACC, 1 -aminocyclopropane-1 -carboxylic acid ROS, reactive oxygen species SAM, S-adenosylmethionine. Modified fiom [20,41],...

The range of action of a-phenoxypropionic acids differs from that of phenoxyacetic acids, as was established by Luckwill and Lloyd-Jones (1960). They assumed that decarboxylation causing the detoxication of the molecule is inhibited in certain plant species because of the a-methyl substitution, and that this kills the weeds resistant to phenoxyacetic acids (Fawcett et al., 1953 Lush and Leafe, 1956). Leafe (1962) found that Galium aparine (cleavers), resistant to MCPA, is killed by... 

A few weeds such as Galium, Veronica and Viola species, resistant to other herbicides, are particularly sensitive to penoxalin. 

At a rate of 2.5-10 g-a.i. ha , iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium (AE F115008) (Table 2.2.9) [16] controls more than 50 different broadleaf weed species, including some very competitive weeds that cause a substantial reduction of cereal productivity, e.g., Galium aparine, Matricaria chamomilla, Stellaria media, Raphanus ssp.. 

Another family with only a single species studied. Protopine was isolated from Galium aparine (283). 

Lucidin, l,3-dihydroxy-2-hydroxymethylanthraquinone, is found as a major component in roots of Coprosma lucida Forst and is a lesser component of various Rubia, Galium and Morinda species. It is therefore a constituent of madder dyes (Schweppe and Winter, 1997). 

---