Fungistatic action

Benzoic and salicylic acid ointment is known as Whitfield s ointment. It combines the fungistatic action of benzoate with the keratolytic action of salicylate. It contains benzoic acid and salicylic acid in a ratio of 2 1 (usually 6% 3%). It is used mainly in the treatment of tinea pedis. 

For perishable commodities, the use of modified atmospheres to extend postharvest life and quality of fruit and vegetables has been practised for over 60 years, and the technique is now widely used in combination with lowered temperature and raised humidity. The atmospheres used for storage (up to 10% CO2, < 5% oxygen) include those known to be effective against insect pests, but the low-temperature combination acts against the efficacy of the treatment. For fungistatic action, the addition of 5-10% carbon monoxide to the atmosphere provides protection for commodities that cannot tolerate high C02 levels (Kader and Ke, 1994). 

Antimicrobial action. All p-hydroxybenzoic acid esters have principally a fungistatic action. The p-hydroxy-benzoic acid esters destroy the cell membrane and lead to a protein denaturation in the interior of the cell besides competitive reactions occur with coenzymes (Tatsuguchi, et ah 1991). Under aerobic conditions Paraben is hydrolysed to p-hydroxybenzoic acid. The following decarboxylation of which leads to phenol, [II, 7.1.] (Valkova, et ah, 2001). 

Antimicrobial action. Thiabendazole is classified among preservatives with a mainly fungistatic action (Arras and Usai, 2001). It is particularly effective in suppressing moulds, especially some penicillium species. Its action against yeast, chiefly debaromyces species, is very weak. 

Frencel I, Koscinski R 1960 Fungistatic action in vitro of some alkaloids from Chelidonium ma-jus. Diss Pharm 12 7-10... 

CUCI2 on phenyl magnesium halides also provide reasonable quantities of diphenyl. Uses include its action as a fungistat during shipment of apples and oranges, and as a heat transfer agent (dowtherms) mixed with diphenyl ether and terphenyls. 

Mechanism of Action An antifungal similar to imidazole derivatives that inhibits the steroid synthesis, a vital component of fungal cell formation, thereby damaging the fungal cell membrane. Therapeutic Effect Fungistatic. 

Mechanism of Action An imidazole derivative that changes the permeability of the fungal cell wall. TherapeuticEffect Inhibits fungal biosynthesis of triglycerides, phospholipids. Fungistatic. 

Mechanism of Action A fungistatic antifungal that interferes with cytochrome P-450, an enzyme necessary for ergosterol formation. Therapeutic Effect Directly damages fungal membrane, altering its function. 

Mecfianism of Action An imidazole derivative that inhibits synthesis of ergosterol (vital component of fungal cell formation), damaging cell membrane. TAerapeMtIc Effect Fungistatic may be fungicidal, depending on concentration. 

MecHanism of Action A fungistatic antifungal that binds to sterols in the fungal cell membrane. Therapeutic Effect Increases fungal cell-membrane permeability, allowing loss of potassium and other cellular components. 

Ricinoleic acid (Figure 3.8) is the major fatty acid found in castor oil from seeds of the castor oil plant (Ricinus communis Euphorbiaceae), and is the 12-hydroxy derivative of oleic acid. It is formed by direct hydroxylation of oleic acid (usually esterified as part of a phospholipid) by the action of an 02- and NADPH-dependent mixed function oxidase, but this is not of the cytochrome P-450 type. Castor oil has a long history of use as a domestic purgative, but it is now mainly employed as a cream base. Undecenoic acid (A9-undecenoic acid) can be obtained from ricinoleic acid by thermal degradation, and as the zinc salt or in ester form is used in fungistatic preparations. 

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