Fungi Ascomycetes

The fungi include Slime molds (Myxomycetes) algal fungi (Phy-comycetesy, sac fungi (Ascomycetes), and club fungi Basidiomycetes) among others. The yeasts and most of the molds with which food products are associated in some way are of the Ascomycetes variety. 

Rogerson CT. The hypocrealean fungi (Ascomycetes, Hypocreales). Mycologia 62 865-910, 1970. 

The extremely broad activity spectrum of strobilurins, with potential to control all four major classes of phytopathogenic fungi (Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes, Deuteromycetes and Oomycetes), is unique among commercial fungicides. 

In phycomycetes the presence of y-linolenic acid is notable since the higher fungi (ascomycetes, fungi imperfecti and basidiomycetes) produce only a-Iinolenate. Some higher homologues in the... 

Real fungi (Ascomycetes, Basidomycetes, Deuteromycetes) and lower fungi (Oomycetes)... 

Carotenoid distribution in fungi, nonphotosynthetic organisms, are apparently capricious, but they usually accumulate carotenes, mono- and bicyclic carotenoids, and lack carotenoids with e rings. Plectaniaxanthin in Ascomycetes and canthaxan-thin in Canthardlus cinnabarinus have been found. ... 

Glass, N. L., Jacobson, D. J., and Shiu, P. K. (2000). The genetics of hyphal fusion and vegetative incompatibility in filamentous ascomycete fungi. Annu. Rev. Genet. 34, 165-186. 

The industrial production of penicillin by Pfizer in 1943 transformed the chemistry of natural products. Microbiology became its field and pharmaceutical research became its leading trend. The main driving force behind the research of the chemistry of natural products was and still remains to be human health care. Since the advent of antibiotics, many sources of natural chemicals, such as plants, fungi and bacteria, have been searched for antibacterials, anticancer products, immuno-suppressors and chemicals that affect the human psyche. This research was so successful that, even today, more than half of all pharmaceuticals are either natural products or derived from, or inspired by them. The market of antibiotics alone was ca. US 30 billion in 2005. The majority of antibiotics is produced by submerged fermentation of filamentous microorganisms such as soil prokaryotic actinomycetes and eukaryotic moulds, ascomycetes. 

Duckett JG, Read DJ, The use of the fluorescent dye, 3, 3 -dihexyloxacarbocy-anine iodide, for selective staining of ascomycete fungi associated with liverwort rhizoids and ericoid mycorrhizal roots. New Phytol 118 259—272, 1991. 

Anke H. etal., Secondary metabolites with nematicidal and antimicrobial activity from nematophagous fungi and Ascomycetes, Can J Bot 73 S932—S939, 1995. 

A mycorrhiza (literally, fungus-root) is a symbiotic association between a fungus and a plant. Mycorrhizae occur most frequently on plant roots, but may be found on any tissue involved in uptake of elements from soil. Mycorrhizae, formed by numerous fungi in the orders Phycomycetes, Basidiomycetes, and Ascomycetes, can be divided into two broad groups those that penetrate host cells (endomycorrhizae) and those that do not (ectomycorrhizae). A few fungal species defy this neat classification, penetrating the cells of one host but not those of another. 

Bowman BH, Taylor JW, Brownlee AG, Lee J, Lu SD, White TJ (1992) Molecular evolution of the fungi—relationship of the basidiomycetes, ascomycetes, and chytridiomycetes. Mol Biol Evol 9 285-296... 

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