Full nozzle

Thermal Relief Semi Nozzle Full Nozzle Snap Acting Proportional High Performance Metal Seated Sort Seated Steam Valve Liquid Valve Gas Valve conventional Valve Balanced Bellow... 

Typical spring values fora full nozzle 3K4 spring valve... 

Nozzle The second part of the seat ensuring the tightness of the valve. For full nozzle-type valves, it is usually integral, is screwed into the body and protects the body from the medium. It also forms the mating face of the flange... 

Many SRVs are full nozzle design, in which case, only the nozzle and the disc are in permanent contact with the fluid during normal operation (Figure 5.19). 

In the full nozzle design, the nozzle sits on the mating flange, as shown in Figure 5.20. 

The way a full nozzle is fitted in the body can be very different from manufacturer to manufacturer - top, middle or bottom threads can be applied. 

Modulating pilot valves shall be exclusively used for two-phase flow conditions. All pilot-operated valves shall be equipped with on-site test connections and equipped with a supply filter with minimum 60 pm element. Pilot-operated valves can be of semi- or full nozzle design. 

Flanged spring valves shall be of full nozzle design, arranged as such that the nozzle and the parts comprising the disc are the only parts exposed to the inlet pressure or to the corrosive action of the inlet fluid when the valve is closed. 

Body flanges accommodating a full nozzle may be modified to accommodate the nozzle except that the thickness shall not be less than the minimum thickness as specified by ASME B16.5. 

Bodies for valves with full nozzles, closed bonnets with caps... 

Nozzles, both Hill and semi, bodies for semi nozzle valves, bodies with integral nozzles, primary pressure eontaining eomponents of pilot-operated main valve Bodies for valves with full nozzles, closed bonnets with eaps... 

The system has recently been used with success for inspection of 11 inclined nozzle welds during the R1 SPRINT project at Vattenfall Ringhals, Sweden during the summer 1997. At the moment a full system and personal qualification is prepared for inspection of the pressurizer spray nozzle weld at Vattenfall Ringhals, block 2 at May, 1998. 

A gas turbine used in aircraft must be capable of handling a wide span of fuel and air flows because the thmst output, or pressure, covers the range from idle to full-powered takeoff. To accommodate this degree of flexibiUty in the combustor, fuel nozzles are usually designed with two streams (primary and secondary flow) or with alternate tows of nozzles that turn on only when secondary flow (or full thmst power) is needed. It is more difficult to vary the air streams to match the different fuel flows and, as a consequence, a combustor optimized for cmise conditions (most of the aircraft s operation) operates less efficiently at idle and full thmst. 

Impingement Baffle The tube bundle is customarily protected against impingement by the incoming fluid at the shell inlet nozzle wmen the shell-side fluid is at a high velocity, is condensing, or is a two-phase fluid. Minimum entrance area about the nozzle is generally equal to the inlet nozzle area. Exit nozzles also require adequate area between the tubes and the nozzles. A full bundle without any provision for shell inlet nozzle area can increase the velocity of the inlet fluid by as much as 300 percent with a consequent loss in pressure. 

Vertical filters are not convenient for the removal of dry cake, although they can be used in this service if they have a bottom that can be retracted to permit the cake to fall into a bin or hopper below. They are adapted rather to wet-sohds discharge, a process that may be assisted by leaf vibration, air or steam sparging of a filter full of water, sluicing h om fixed, oscillating, or traveling nozzles, and blowback. 

The operating schedule of a gas turbine produces low-frequency thermal fatigue. The number of starts per hours of operating time directly affects the hfe of the hot sections (combustor, turbine nozzles, and blades). The life reduction effect of the number of starts on a combustor liner could be as high as 230 hours/start and on the turbine nozzles as high as 180 hours/start. The effect of full load trips can be nearly 2-3 times as great ... 

The reaction turbine, shown schematically in Figure 2-2, is generally more efficient. In its primary (stationary) nozzles only half the pressure energy of the gas stream is converted to velocity. The rotor with a blade speed matching the full-jetted stream velocity receives this jetted gas stream. In the rotor blades the other half of the pressure energy is used to jet the gas backward out of the rotor and, hence, to exhaust. Because half the pressure drop is taken across the rotor, a seat must be created around the periphery of the rotor to contain this pressure. Also, the pressure difference across the rotor acts on the full rotor area and creates a large thrust load on the shaft. 

The smaller framed hot gas expanders are often equipped with two control valves, each controlling a segment of 30% and 20%, respectively, of the total inlet. It is possible to vary the inlet cross-sectional area of these segments, within limits, by later replacing individual nozzles with blind fillers or vice-versa. Other machines may feature full arc admission without control valves. 

The starting system can be manual, semiautomatic, or automatic, but in all cases should provide controlled acceleration to minimum governor speed and then, although not called for in the standards, to full speed. Units that do not have controlled acceleration to full speed have burned out first- and second-stage nozzles when combustion occurred in those areas instead of in the combustor. Purging the system of the fuel after a failed start is mandatory, even in the manual operation mode. Sufficient time for the purging of the system should be provided so that the volume of the entire exhaust system has been displaced at least five times. 

The on-line filter on the wash headers manifold should be checked periodically for pressure build- up due to progressive blockage. Likewise, the nozzles on the wash headers should be kept clean in order to ensure overlapping for full coverage of the washed cake. 

ISO 5167-1 1991. Measurement of Fluid Flow by Means of Pressure Differential Devices-Fart 1 Orifice Plates, Nozzles and Venturi Tubes Inserted in Circular Cross-section Conduits Running Full. International Organisation for Standardisation, 1991. 

In a later paper, Brasie (1976) gives more concrete recommendations for determining the quantity of fuel released. A leak potential can be based on the flashing potential of the full amount of liquid (gas) stored or in process. For a continuous release, a cloud size can be determined by estimating the leak rate. For a combined liquid-vapor flow through holes of very short nozzles, the leak rate (mass flow per leak orifice area) is approximately related to the operating overpressure according to ... 

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