FUEL RAIL

The fuel is delivered to the engine by one of two methods recirculating or retum-less. In a recirculation system, as is shown with dashed lines in Fig. 4, the engine fuel injectors draw a portion of the fuel being delivered in the fuel rail, and the... 

Zytel Polyamine Stable to temperatures up to about 325°F (163°C) resistant to impact, deformation, and fatigue Fuel rails filter housings... 

The electronic fuel injection (EFI) system meters the hydrogen to each cylinder. This system uses individual electronic fuel injectors (solenoid valves) for each cylinder and are plumbed to a common fuel rail located down the center of the intake manifold. Whereas the CVI system uses constant injection timing and variable fuel rail pressure, the EFI system uses variable injection timing and constant fuel rail pressure. 

The most common application of vegetable oil-modified polyamides is in the surface coatings and paints industry. The dimer acids of tall and soybean oils and amines are used to modify the flow behaviour of paints. This thixotropic flow prevents setting and sagging, enables easy application and improves surface appearance. Vegetable oil-based nylons are used as engineering polymers in the automotive and transport industry for fuel lines. Products are also used for the extruded and moulded components of fuel systems such as filler necks, gas tanks, reservoir modules, filters, fuel rails and vapour recovery systems. Nylon 11 is also used in power coatings to coat metals that must withstand abrasion, impact and corrosion. 

Fortran for the Fuel Rail, Hoechst AG, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 1999. 

Thus, in the automotive industry, long fibre thermoplastic (LFT) composites are used to produce underbody panels, instrament panel carriers, front end modules, battery trays, sunroof beams, mirror brackets, fuel rails, door modules, seat stmc-tures, convertible header bows, door plate carriers, roof and trunk lids, exterior claddings, skid plates, running boards, step assists, front-end carriers, bumper beams, lift gates, spare wheel tubs and other stmctiual parts (Vaidya, 2011). 

Fuel rail for VW in glass fibre reinforced nylon (courtesy ICI). 

The introduction of plastics into fuel rail applications in North America was driven by the need to accommodate alternative fuels. Now that this use of plastics has been accepted, engineers have started to consider plastics for all kinds of fuel rails to take advantage of the associated weight and cost benefits. This is a challenging application because of the need to balance... 

Thus, the use of plastics in fuel systems has grown in recent years. While the largest application of plastics is fuel tanks, many other current applications include fasteners, connectors, radiator end caps, fuel vapor canisters, and fuel rails. 

Schramm, J.G., Design Considerations for the Use of Composite Materials in Intake Manifolds and Fuel Rails, SAE Technical Paper No. 922149, SAE International, Warrendale, PA, 1992. 

Fuel systems have already experienced an invasion by plastics. The use of plastics can be seen in fuel tanks, fuel rails, fuel pump parts, connectors, hoses, and fuel filters. Furthermore, external and internal lighting systems have already gone primarily to plastics. Wheel systems have adopted plastics much earlier in the construction of tires, wheel covers, and wheel house liners, although wheel systems remain primarily the domain of metals. 

Fuel/lnduction Systems - EGR (exhaust gas recirculation) components, fuel flow sensors, fuel line connectors, fuel pump components, fuel rails, injector bobbins, throttle bodies/deactivator. 

Integration of an air cleaner, resonator induction, and composite intake manifold has been accomplished through the use of nylon-6. Other applications include an intake manifold featuring integrated fuel passages, which replace self-standing fuel rails. 

Applications 100 series Automotive (chemical resistance). Industrial fuel handling equpiment. Oil- gas-field equipment. Industrial hardware. Marine. Plumbing fittings fixtures. 300 series Transparent parts (filter bowls, process equipment consumer goods. LGF series (reinforced) Automotive (fuel rails). Industrial scaffold. 

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