Fructose polymers

The starches, the most important vegetable reserve carbohydrate and polysaccharides from plant cell walls, are discussed in greater detail on the following page. Inulin, a fructose polymer, is used as a starch substitute in diabetics dietary products (see p.l60). In addition, it serves as a test substance for measuring renal clearance (see p.322). 

Other physical parameters of the micelle also suggest that the cores of ferritin and ferric nitrate polymer are closely related. The magnetic susceptibility of the iron micelle is 3.84 Bohr magnetons. The Mossbauer spectrum for ferritin observed by Boas and Window (39) and by Blaise et al. 40) are in close agreement with the spectrum for the ferric nitrate polymer as well as the ferric citrate and ferric fructose polymers. Most interesting is the fact that the size of the ferric hydroxide polymer in the ferritin molecule is practically identical to that observed for the ferric nitrate and ferric citrate spheres. 

Farrar. J.F Fructose Polymers in Plants and Micro-Organisms Were Phyrologist. 

Unlike most crops that store carbon as starch, a polymer of glucose, in the Jerusalem artichoke carbon is stored as inulin, a fructose polymer. The implications of this have a pronounced influence on the value and utility of the crop. An extremely important attribute derived from inulin is its nutritional contributions, even though the caloric value in humans is low. The evidence for the role of inulin in decreasing blood cholesterol and in enhancing other positive health benefits has been firmly established. 

Edelman, J. and Dickerson, A.G., The metabolism of fructose polymers in plants. Transfructosylation in tubers of Helianthus tuberosus L., Biochem. J., 98, 787-794, 1966. 

Edelman, J. and Popov, K., Metabolism of 14C02 by illluminated shoot of Helianthus tuberosus L. with special reference to fructose polymers, C. R. Acad. Bulg. Sci., 15, 627-630, 1962. 

Scott, R.W., Transfructosylation in Higher Plants Containing Fructose Polymers, Ph.D. thesis, University of London, London, 1968. 

Bachmann, S., The effect of phosphorus nutrition on changes in content and composition of the fructose polymers in tubers of the Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.), 8th Int. Congr. Soil Sci., 4, 219-223, 1964. 

Jefford, T.G. and Edelman, J., Changes in content and composition of the fructose polymers of Helianthus tuberosus L. during growth of daughter plants, J. Exp. Bot., 12, 177-187, 1960. 

Production of fructose polymer Patent number JP61280291 (1986)... 

Transgenic crops accumulating fructose polymers and methods for their production Patent number DE69929676 (2006)... 

A unique plant on many levels, the distinctive properties of the Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) present novel answers to some of today s most pressing problems. Jerusalem artichoke is potentially a major source of inulin, a fructose polymer that provides dietary health benefits as a prebiotic that promotes intestinal health and as a low-calorie carbohydrate to combat obesity and diabetes. Inulin also has myriad industrial applications, including ethanol production — making Jerusalem artichoke a potential source of biofuel. With its ready cultivation and minimal pest and disease problems, Jerusalem artichoke is an underutilized resource that possesses the potential to meet major health and energy challenges. 

The British system does not automatically give approval to new ingredients merely because they are natural. This is in contrast with the position in some other countries - there will always be grey areas. One example is the position of the oligo-fructose polymers which are naturally present in chicory. Chicory is undoubtedly a traditional food... 

While starch is the commonest storage polysaccharide, fructose polymers are also sometimes found, for example in Jerusalem artichokes and asparagus, possibly accounting for the rather distinctive taste of these vegetables. 

This complex was already described as a brain imaging agent in Sect. 6.1.6. It is approved for assessing the glomerular filtration rate and provides a clearance measurement with only. 3-5 % below the true glomerular filtration rate obtained with inu-lin, a fructose polymer [132], "Tc(DTPA)]2 shows a rapid plasma clearance with a half-life of about 70 min. Urinary excretion amounts to about 90 % in 24 h and its plasma protein binding is 5-10 % in 60 min. The dynamic renal How study provides... 

Levan. Like dextran, microbial levan is often an undesirable by-product in the sugar industry. It was first reported by Lippmann in 1881 as a product which increases the viscosity of the processing sugar liquor.In 1901, Greig-Smith found that a strain of Bacillus grown on sucrose produces a fructose polymer which was named levan by analogy to dextran. ... 

A fructan. See Fructans, F-43. Formed by the action of various enzymes on sucrose. Also obt. from some monocotyledons and from moulds, e.g. Aspergillus. Isol from the roots of asparagus. Appears to play an essential role in the metabolism of D-fructose polymers in the tubers of the Jerusalem artichoke. 

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