From lily bulbs

Wang, H., Ng, T. B. Isolation oflilin, a novel arginine- and glutamate-rich protein with potent antifungal and mitogenic activities from lily bulbs. Life Sci. 2002, 70, 1075-1084... 

History. For centuries man has recognized that rodent pests destroy his habitat, consume his food, and cause the spread of virulent diseases. Throughout the same centuries man has sought to eliminate these pests with a variety of poisons such as strychnine, arsenious oxide, and red squill - a steroidal glycoside extracted from the bulb of a lily-like plant, Urginea maritima. 

Bondtha of a millimetre at b, a, d, represent the normal external coating separated from tire inclosed matter by pressure. Fecula from the bulb of the lily has the same dimensions. 

Chlorinated orcinol derivatives have been isolated from diseased bulbs of the edible lily Lilium maximowiczii. The antifungal activity of these compounds was tested against Bipolaris leersiae. Inhibition of the conidial germination depends on the number of chlorine atoms in the compounds. The trichlorinated orcinol 156 shows the highest activity. Dichlorinated orcinols, e.g. 157, are next, and the monochlorinated ones, e.g. 158, are still less active. The nonchlorinated orcinol shows lowest activity [121]. 

Similarly-constituted glucomannans have been isolated from various species of iris seeds107 and lily bulbs,108 the polysaccharides containing D-glucose and D-mannose residues in the proportions 1 1.1 and 1 1.9, respectively. The iris-seed glucomannans also contain a small proportion of D-galactopyranose end-groups.107... 

Lilies are the classic representatives of the monocotyledons—those plants with oily ore seed leaf. Lilies are mostly perennial, erect herbs arising from a bulb. Some climb, a few are woody, but most arise from underground stems or other stractures. The leaves vary in number from ore to many, and are arranged or the stem alternately or in whorls. The leaves are flat, linear to lance-shaped, without teeth along the margins, often widen into a papery sheath where they attach to the stem, lack stalks, and are typically parallel veined. 

Polysaccharides that exclusively contain D-fructose are known as fructans and there are two known kinds, inulin and levan. Inulin is a polysaccharide containing -D-fructofuranose linked (2 1) [118]. Inulins are found in the roots and tubers of the family of plants known as the Compositae, which includes asters, dandelions, dahlias, cosmos, burdock, goldenrod, chicory, lettuce, and Jerusalem artichokes. Other sources are from the Liliacae family, which includes lily bulbs, onion, hyacinth, and tulip bulbs. Inulins are also produced by certain species of algae [119]. Several bacterial strains of Streptococcus mutans also produce an extracellular inulin from sucrose [120]. 

The Colchium Autumnale is a wild flower found in meadows and woodlands. It s a perennial herb in the lily family which grows from a solid bulb that can unfortunately be mistaken for a wild onion. The rapier like leaves grow about a foot high, and in the early fall one or two leafless stalks sprout from the bulb each stalk produces a single white-to-purplish-pink flower that resembles a crocus. 

Chlorinated ordnols have been identified from the bulbs of the edible lily (Lilium maximowiczii) infected with the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lilii. They were not, however, fungal metabolites these could also be induced by ultraviolet radiation of bulb scales, and the more highly chlorinated metabolites inhibited conidial germination of Bipolaris leersiae (Monde et al. 1998). 

Since branch points are randomly distributed in amylopectin, and since starch consists of amylopectin and amylose, starch is likewise not a single substance, but a mixture of compounds. The amylose content of various starches is generally about 15-25%, but can approach 34% (lily bulbs), or even 67% (steadfast pea). Amylose can be separated from amylopectin by precipitation from an aqueous solution with butanol or by dissolution in liquid ammonia. 

C18H32O15 504.441 Constit. of mucilage, from the bulbs of Suisen (Narcissus tazetta) from the tubers of Bletilla striata and Arum maculatum and from the glucomannan of lily. Amorph. Md -8 (c, 1.0 in H2O). 

Move or divide lilies only when overcrowding makes it absolutely necessary their fragile bulbs and fleslty roots resent any disturbance. Dig bulbs after stalks die back replant immediately or wrap them in a plastic bag of barely moist perlite to keep the roots from drying out, and store in a cool place. Discard any... 

There is no cure for viral diseases. Remove and destroy infected plants immediately. Wash tools and hands after working around diseased plants. To limit the spread of viruses, routinely check lilies for aphids, and control the pests if necessary see Leaves, stems, and buds distorted, sticky clusters of small insects above for control measures. Buy bulbs and plants from reputable sources—some will certify stock as virus-free. Do not phint lilies in sites where diseases have occurred on bulbous plants. Separate lilies from tulips, cucurbits, and wild lilies. 

Due to the limited quantity of an initial material we carried out methodical development on lily plants. Initial material of Muscari coemleum Losinsk in the form of a bulb it was received from the Sochi office of the Russian Geographical society. Scilla bifolia L. and Galanthus woronowi Losinsk bulbs are selected in the suburban Sochi woods. Before introduction in culture of in vitro of a bulb previously cleared of pollution under flowing water within an hour. Further with a scalpel deleted the infected sites and sterilized in 25% whiteness solution (during 20 min) and washed out in the 3rd portions of the sterile distilled water. For introduction in culture of in vitro we used MS nutrient medium [6]. 

The onion, like the other related vegetables (Allium genus), has long been classified as a member of the Lily family (Liliaceae), but now some botanists place the onion and its close relatives in a new family called the Alliaceae. The common onion is classified as the variety cepa to distinguish it from other varieties of onions such as the shallot, which is the aggregatum variety. Fig. 0-23 shows typical onion bulbs. 

Urginea maritima is a bulbous perermial herb belonging to the lily family native to the Mediterranean region. Parts used are the dried fleshy inner scales of the bulb. White squill is derived from the white variety, while red squill is from its red variety. U. indica is used as an acceptable substitute for U. maritima. Recent... 

Due to the limited quantity of an initial material we carried out methodical development on lily plants. Initial material of Muscari coeruleum Losinsk in the form of a bulb it was received from the Sochi office of the Russian Geographical society. Scilla bifolia L. and Galanthus woronowi Losinsk... 

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