Edible lily

Chlorinated orcinol derivatives have been isolated from diseased bulbs of the edible lily Lilium maximowiczii. The antifungal activity of these compounds was tested against Bipolaris leersiae. Inhibition of the conidial germination depends on the number of chlorine atoms in the compounds. The trichlorinated orcinol 156 shows the highest activity. Dichlorinated orcinols, e.g. 157, are next, and the monochlorinated ones, e.g. 158, are still less active. The nonchlorinated orcinol shows lowest activity [121]. 

Chlorinated ordnols have been identified from the bulbs of the edible lily (Lilium maximowiczii) infected with the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lilii. They were not, however, fungal metabolites these could also be induced by ultraviolet radiation of bulb scales, and the more highly chlorinated metabolites inhibited conidial germination of Bipolaris leersiae (Monde et al. 1998). 

Fusarium diseases of tomato and bottle gourd(Lagenaria cicereria) were suppressed. 3 Edible lily root rot caused by Cylindrocarpon destructans was controlled when the mother bulbs were coated with P. fluorescens S-2 or P. aeruginosa S-7. These bulbs were much bigger than the non-treated ones. 

The authors discuss three examples of biological control of soil borne diseases. The first is the control of Fusarium wilt of sweet potato by cross-protection that involves a prior inoculation of nonpathogenic Fusarium oxysporum(Ogawa et ai., 1984)(1). The second is the control of Fusarium wilt of bottle gourd by mixed-cropping with associate crops(Kijima et al., 1986)(2). The third is the seed bulb bacterization for the control of root rot of edible lily(Hasegawa et al, 1990)(3). 

Biological Control of Root Rot of Edible Lily(LiJJium lancifolium) by Seed Bulb Bacterization... 

Biological control of edible lily was carried out by Hasegawa et al.(3). The antagonist shows growth inhibition against the fungi... 

After dipping into the suspension of the biocontrol agent, i.e, strain S-2, the seed bulbs were transplanted into the field that was infested with Cylindrocarpon destructans. Table IV shows the effect of bacterization on the yield of edible lily. The growth on the soil of the treated plants was obviously higher than the non-treated check. Yields of strain S-2 and S-7 bulbs treated by dipping were increased 167 and 145%, respectively. Strain S-2 was the most effective with an average bulb weight of 114.6 gm. 

These results indicate that strain S-2 and strain S-7 may facilitate establishment of stands of healthy edible lily. 

Fig. V Proposed mechanism of biological control of root rot of edible lily by Pseudomonas species...

Fig. 3.26 Lilium maximowiczii, the edible Japanese lily that produces the seven chlorinated fungicides 1783-1789 the brown portion indicates disease by a Fusarium fungus (Photo K. Monde)...

Edible l ly(Lillium lancifolium) is one of the important commercial crops in Japan. Cylindrocarpon destructans is a causal fungus of root rot of the lilies of which the symptoms on the ground are not obvious. The fungus attacks the juvenile tissue, i.e. root hairs and tips, of the plant. So the disease is considered chronic. 

---