From atmospheric distillation

Commercial equipment is available which automatically switches from atmospheric distillation to vacuum distillation and calculates the distillation curve as temperatures under atmospheric pressure conditions as a function of weight or volume per cent recovery. [Pg.18]

In the 1970 s, heavy fuel came mainly from atmospheric distillation residue. Nowadays a very large proportion of this product is vacuum distilled and the distillate obtained is fed to conversion units such as catalytic cracking, visbreaking and cokers. These produce lighter products —gas and gasoline— but also very heavy components, that are viscous and have high contaminant levels, that are subsequently incorporated in the fuels. [Pg.241]

Once the distillation intervais of cuts coming from atmospheric distillation and vacuum distillation are specified, the preceding curves give the properties of the selected cuts. [Pg.335]

Naphtha is a generic term normally used in the petroleum refining industry for the overhead liquid fraction obtained from atmospheric distillation units. The approximate boiling range of light straight-run naphtha (LSR) is 35-90°C, while it is about 80-200°C for heavy straight-run naphtha (HSR). ... [Pg.43]

Naphtha is also obtained from other refinery processing units such as catalytic cracking, hydrocracking, and coking units. The composition of naphtha, which varies appreciably, depends mainly on the cmde type and whether it is obtained from atmospheric distillation or other processing units. [Pg.43]

Naphtha from atmospheric distillation is characterized by an absence of olefinic compounds. Its main constituents are straight and branched-chain paraffins, cycloparaffms (naphthenes), and aromatics, and the ratios of these components are mainly a function of the crude origin. [Pg.43]

Heavy naphtha from atmospheric distillation units or hydrocracking... [Pg.43]

Kerosine, a distillate fraction heavier than naphtha, is normally a product from distilling crude oils under atmospheric pressures. It may also he obtained as a product from thermal and catalytic cracking or hydrocracking units. Kerosines from cracking units are usually less stable than those produced from atmospheric distillation and hydrocracking units due to presence of variable amounts of olefinic constituents. [Pg.45]

Residual fuel oil is generally known as the bottom product from atmospheric distillation units. Fuel oils produced from cracking units are unstable. When used as fuels, they produce smoke and deposits that may block the burner orifices. [Pg.47]

Vacuum distillation increases the amount of the middle distillates and produces luhricating oil base stocks and asphalt. The feed to the unit is the residue from atmospheric distillation. In vacuum distillation, reduced pressures are applied to avoid cracking long-chain hydrocarbons present in the feed. [Pg.51]

The feed to a catalytic reformer is normally a heavy naphtha fraction produced from atmospheric distillation units. Naphtha from other sources such as those produced from cracking and delayed coking may also be used. Before using naphtha as feed for a catalytic reforming unit, it must be hydrotreated to saturate the olefins and to hydrodesulfurize... [Pg.61]

The asphaltic residuum from atmospheric distillation amounts to roughly one-third (U.S. average) of the crude charged. This material is sent to vacuum stills, which recover additional heavy gas oil and deasphalting feedstock from the bottoms residue. [Pg.242]

The new developments in catalyst improvements and in process optimization have brought new opportunities to directly process virgin naphtha from atmospheric distillation along with benzene and benzene precursors extracted from reformer feeds. This can eliminate the need for a separate naphtha hydrotreater as well as sepa-... [Pg.165]

Load balancing control system of a fnrnace from atmospheric distillation unit... [Pg.447]

Load Balancing Control System of a Furnace from Atmospheric Distillation Unit... [Pg.449]

Heavy straight-run (HSR) naphtha gained from atmospheric distillation and from vacuum distillation, followed by thermal, catalytic, or hydrocracking, is fed into a catalytic reformer to become reformate. [Pg.840]

FCC plants are used to convert vacuum gas oil (often mixed with residues from atmospheric distillation, vacuum distillation and visbreaking) into lighter hydrocarbon fractions. The products are a gas fraction (primarily C3/C4), a liquid fraction (primarily gasoline) and solid coke. The coke is deposited on the catalyst and burnt off during catalyst regeneration (see Fig. 2.46). [Pg.95]

Most petroleum distillates, especially those from atmospheric distillation, are usually defined in terms of an... [Pg.20]

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