From Artemisia absinthium

Thujane monoterpenes are based on the bicyclic (G3 C5) monoterpene thujane and include umbellone (thujan-2-one) and the neuroactives a-thujone and 3-thujone (thujan-3-one isomers) that can cause convulsions. Thujones are GABA(A) receptor antagonists and are the active constituents in oil of wormwood from Artemisia absinthium (Asteraceae) used in the alcoholic drink absinthe that was eventually banned because of its deleterious neurotoxic effects. 

O 19.33%. A bitter principle isolated from Artemisia absinthium L., Compositae (wormwood). Isoln F. Sorm et aL, Chem. A Ind. (London) 1955, 569 V. Herout el a/., Coif. Czech. Chem. Common. 21, 1485 (1956). Structure L. 

Sacco, T. and F. Chialva 1988. Chemical characteristics of the oil from Artemisia absinthium collected in Patagony (Argentina) Planta Medica 34 93. 

A. annua has been found to produce two antiparasitic methoxylated flavones, artemetin and casticin (Fig. 9). Extracts from Artemisia absinthium have been also reported to have antiprotozoal effects against Trypanosoma brucei. Trypanosoma cruzi, and Leishmania infantum [102],... 

Synonyms Absinthium Artemisia Wormwood Definition Derived from Artemisia absinthium Toxicology LD50 (oral, rat) 960 mg/kg mod. toxic by ingestion allergen causes contact dermatitis chronic use may cause tremors, vertigo, vomiting, hallucinations TSCA listed... 

The antiparasitic properties of essential oils from Artemisia absinthium, Artemisia annua, and Artemisia scoparia were tested on intestinal parasites, Hymenolepis nana, Lambli intestinalis, Syphacia obvelata, and Trichocephalus muris [Trichuris muris]. Infested white mice were injected with 0.01 ml/g of the essential oils (6%) twice a day for 3 days. The effectiveness of the essential oils was observed in 70-90% of the tested animals (Chobanov et al., 2004). 

The thujmies have neurotoxic properties leading to dose-dependent tonic-clonic seizures in animals [72]. Thujones from Artemisia absinthium are in the drink absinthe, which has been banned in most countries. However, a new reexamination of the concentratimis of thujones in various absinthes puts into question whether the dosages for toxicity were achieved [73]. When using traditional herbal medicines containing thujone, the thujone intake should not exceed 3.0 mg/day and the duration of use should be limited to 2 weeks [74]. 

The essential oils of Artemisia absinthium and Tanacetum vulgare (Asteraceae) were obtained from whole cultivated plants harvested in full... 

Vermouth is officially classified as an "aromatized fortified wine," referring to its derivation from a white base wine fortified and infused with a proprietary set of different plant parts barks, seeds, and fruit peels. These are collectively termed botanicals. Vermouths are particularly popular in Europe and in the United States (Amerine et al., 1980 Griebel, 1955 Panesar et al., 2009). The term "vermouth" is derived from the German word for wormwood Wermut. It is supposedly derived from Wer (man) and Mut (courage, spirit, manhood Pilone, 1954). When vermouth was introduced into Bavaria in the first half of the seventeenth century, by the Piedmont producer Alessio, Artemisia absinthium was probably translated literally as Wermutwein. When it reached France, it was changed to vermouth (Liddle and Boero, 2003). 

Absinthin, the active principle of wormwood, Artemisia absinthium L. (Compositae), is a dimeric guaianolide containing two lactone rings and two hydroxy groups per molecule.162 Thelephoric acid (76b), isolated from fungi of several Thelephora species, has been synthesized by oxidative condensation of two molecules of sodium 3,4-dimethoxy-phenoxide with one of chloranil in the presence of hydrobromic acid.162a... 

Wormwood Artemisia absinthium Thujone in the volatile oil from leaves and flowers Delirium, psychosis, renal failure, xanthopsia Thujone related to camphor... 

Spirit containing 68 vol% ethanol, flavoured with herbs from the Swiss Jura main flavouring wormwood (Artemisia absinthium). The most toxic component of the essential oil of wormwood is the terpenoid, thujone a convulsant in animals in large doses. Over indulgence delirium, hallucinations, brain damage. Banned in... 

Oil of Wormwood. Volatile oil from leaves and tope of Artemisia absinthium L.. Composltae. Constit. Thujyl alcohol and acetate thujone, phellandrene, cadinene also a blue oil. 

Methyl (Z)-(-)-jasmonate has been identified as a component in the scent of Tunisian rosemary, in the stems and leaves of wormwood (Artemisia absinthium L.), and in the absoiue of tuberose and gardenia flowers. Methyl (Z)-(-)-(3H,7S -jasmonate has been discovered in the oil of lemon peel and in the pheromone of the oriental fruit moth (Grapholitha molesta B.,1 The culture filtrate of the fungus Lasiodiplodia fheobromae contains the free acid. In the oils from the blooms of osmanthus, gardenia and mimosa, (-)-jasmolactone has been found, which is also an important component of tea aroma. [75] On the other hand, the oil from tuberose flowers contains (+)-jasmolactone. 

Definition Volatile oil from leaves and tops of Artemisia absinthium, contg. thujyl alcohol and acetate, thujone, phellandrene, cadinene Properties Almost colorless, yel. amber, to dk. grn. or brn. oily liq. very strong odor sol. in ether, 2 vols 80% alcohol very si. sol. in water dens. 0.925-0.955 (15/15 C) flash pt. 132 F ref. index 1.460-1.4741 (20 C)... 

Methyl jasmonate has been detected from leaves oi Artemisia absinthium and A. tridentata [102] as well as from the essential oil of rosemary and peppermint [103,104], Although it has been identified as an aroma component of semi-fermented teas [85], it is not clear if methyl jasmonate is present in fresh tea leaves or is produced during the fermentation process. 

FIGURE 4.3 (See color insert.) Distribution of individuals of different main compounds in their essential oil in a commercial wormwood Artemisia absinthium) population. (From Zamborine. N.fi. et al., Individual variability of wormwood Artemisia absinthium L.j essential oil composition, in Program and Book of Abstracts, 43rdISEO, Lisbon, Portugal, 2012, p. 105.)... 

Basta, A., 0. Tzakou, and M. Couladis. 2007. Chemical composition of Artemisia absinthium L. from Greece. 

Llorens Molina, J. A., S. Vaces, and H. Boira. 2012. Seasonal variation of essential oil composition in a population of Artemisia absinthium L. from Teruel (Spain) Individual sampling vs. individual monitoring. In Program and Book of Abstracts, 43rd ISEO, p. 108, Lisbon. Portugal. 

Many species of the genus Artemisia (wormwood, Asteraceae) are used as spices, for alcoholic drinks and also in the folk and traditional medicine. The chemical compounds and the antioxidative activity of the EOs isolated from the aerial parts of Artemisia absinthium (vermouth), Artemisia santonicum (sea wormwood), and Artemisia spicigera (sluggish wormwood) were investigated (Kordali et al., 2005). The analysis of the EO of Artemisia santonicum and Artemisia spicigera showed two main components, namely 1,8-cineole and camphor. In addition, it is noticed that the EO of these two species contain no thujone derivates in contrast to Artemisia absinthium. Earlier studies have also shown that 1,8-cineole and camphor are main components of the EO of some Artemisia species. The antioxidative activity of the EO of Artemisia santonicum and... 

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