Meaning literal

The word locomotive means, literally, power for moving from one place to another. Early locomotives were given the nickname iron horse because of their material and function. Most European languages use similar nomenclature for railroads, as in the French chcinin dc fer, Italian ferrovie, Spanish ferroarril and German eisenh hn, all of which mean iron way in literal English. 

This inward force has a real agent, namely, a tension of the cord, which is applied to the body. The same cord acts on the pin with a force, which has the same magnitude as that of the centripetal one but opposite direction. This force has the same physical origin, (deformation of cord) and it is called the centrifugal force. The term centrifugal means literally fleeing a center . Centripetal and centrifugal forces always form a pair of action and reaction and they are applied to different parts of the system. In our case these parts are a small body and a pin. 

Some confusion can arise over use of the term prochiral to describe various sites within molecules and is perhaps best avoided for this reason. The term means literally, one step removed from being chiral (i.e., swap one of the protons for Z and you have a full chiral centre). The methylene in ethanol for example, would be a good example. What we have in the di-ethoxy molecule above is one prochiral centre acting in combination with another to render a pair of protons non-equivalent. 

The title of this review means literally the rate-constant of the process by which the molecule of an alkene becomes attached to a carbenium ion at the end of a polymer chain with the re-formation of an identical ion. The simplest representation of this process is Equation (1) ... 

Now that you have reviewed fractions, decimals, and ratios in previous chapters, you are ready to tackle the most common ratio— the percent. The word percent means literally out of one hundred percents compare numerical data to 100. Percent problems are so common that an entire chapter is devoted to this concept. Before you begin learning and reviewing percent, take a few minutes to take this ten-question Benchmark Quiz. These questions are similar to the type of questions that you will find on important tests. When you are finished, check the answer key carefully to assess your results. Your Benchmark Quiz analysis will help you determine how much time you need to spend on the specific areas of percent in which you need the most careful review and practice. 

If the spectroscopic investigation is performed at the same time as the electrochemical changes occur, then we say that this is an in situ measurement, where in situ is the Latin for same place . The opposite of in situ is ex situ, which mean literally from the place , i.e. ex situ implies that the measurement occurs after the analyte has been moved. 

Age (years) Mean (liter/day) 90th Percentile (liter/day) Reference... 

The terms used to distinguish colloidal particles on the basis of their affinity to the fluid in which they are dispersed are lyophilic and lyophobic. These terms mean, literally, solvent loving and solvent fearing, respectively. When water is the medium or solvent, the terms hydrophilic or hydrophobic are often used. This terminology is very useful when considering surface activity such as wettability of a surface however, when used to classify colloids, the distinction is not always clear-cut. We consider these two types of colloids separately in the following subsections. 

Molecules that are not superimposable on their mirror images are termed dissymmetric. This term is used rather than asymmetric, since the latter means, literally, have no symmetry that is, it is applicable only to a molecule belonging to point group Cx. All asymmetric molecules are dissymmetric, but the converse is not true. Dissymmetric molecules can and often do possess some symmetry. It is possible to give a very simple, compact rule expressing the relation between molecular symmetry and dissymmetric character ... 

A claihrate compound means, literally, an enclosed compound, a term applied to a solid molecular compound in which a molecule of one component is physically enclosed in the crystal structure of a second compound, so that the properties of the aggregate arc essentially those of the enclosing compound. Examples of such cage compounds" are those of the small molecules of SO . CO.. CO and the noble gases with ice and hydroquinone. which have very open crystal structures. Another example is the claihrate of benzene with nickel cyanide. 

Initially, packed beds were also used. They, however, were no success, and at present monoliths are applied exclusively. This should not be misunderstood. Monolith means literally a single stone. However, metal-based analogues are also included in the definition of monolith. In fact, for catalytic converters in cars, in addition to ceramics, metal-based monoliths have been and still are used. A major advantage of metal was the thin wall thickness that could be achieved. Later, industry succeeded in manufacturing ceramic structures of comparable wall thickness. In view of their higher resistance against corrosion, ceramic monoliths are now more generally applied than metal ones. 

In Fig. 1, the essential elements of traceability are exemplified for the measurement of an element amount content using the internal standard method values linked by measurements to other values, thus constituting a chain (only a part of a chain is shown). The chain must ultimately end up in a value on a measurement scale (Fig. 2) [2] and therefore in a unit. All measurement results which are traceable to values on a common scale (or to the value of a unit) are comparable [3], meaning literally that they can be compared to each other. This does not imply that they must be concordant [3], i.e. result in the same value (within measurement uncertainty), but only that they can be validly compared for their magnitudes, even if these are (very) different. The measurement scale can be constructed from any sort of (internationally) agreed unit. If at all possible, this should be a base or derived SI unit because we have a solid international agreement on this. However, in chemistry, there are numerous measurement results which cannot be traced to (values of) SI... 

Endorphins are small neuropeptides that are produced by the body and act to reduce pain—hence, the name endorphin (a shortened version of endogenous morphine). The term enkephalin (meaning literally in the head ) is also applied to endorphins, but usually refers to smaller molecules that have pain-relieving properties. 

Alchemy, in its new Paracelsian form, was once again to provide the key to medicine. The fundamental operation of alchemy, whether achieved by calcination, distillation, or otherwise, was that of separation, and that remained true of the chemistry that came after alchemy. (At the beginning of the twentieth century, Scheidekunst, meaning literally the art of separation, was a German word for analytical chemistry, and the Dutch word scbeikunde, also derived from the words for separation and for art or skill, still means the whole science of chemistry today.) Alchemy could separate out impurities, converting impure to pure substances, separate beneficial from harmful substances, and turn useless or noxious substances into healthful medicines. 

The term organic synthesis means literally that its major goal is the construction of organic molecules. What for From what How These are questions that face both newcomers to this field as well as experienced professionals. 

One of the basic tenets of the science of physics has to do with the transducer. Evolving from the Latin word transducerey meaning literally to lead across/ it comprehends devices actuated by power from one system... 

Collimators of one kind or another are used in all varieties of x-ray cameras, and it is therefore important to understand their function and to know what they can and cannot do. To collimate means, literally, to render parallel, and the perfect collimator would produce a beam composed of perfectly parallel rays. Such a collimator does not exist, and the reason, essentially, lies in the source of the radiation, since every source emits radiation in all possible directions. 

When g2 is positive, the distribution is lepto-kurtic (from the Greek leptos meaning literally peeled and hence fine or slender ). The middle arch... 

Petroleum, meaning literally rock oil, is the term used to describe a myriad of hydrocarbon-rich fluids that have accumulated in subterranean reservoirs. Petroleum (also called crude oil) varies dramatically in color, odor, and flow properties that reflect the diversity of its origin (Table 1.1). 

Petroleum is perhaps the most important substance consumed in modem society. It provides not only raw materials for the ubiquitous plastics and other products but also fuel for energy, industry, heating, and transportation. The word petroleum, derived from the Latin petra and oleum, means literally rock oil and refers to hydrocarbons that occur widely in the sedimentary rocks in the form of gases, liquids, semisoUds, or solids. 

Aiif means literally "an opening." It is used for an area that rives access to a country or a city. It also came to mean a frontier from vdiidi Musums could stage commercial or military expeditions to areas beyond their contrtd. Thus Siird and... 

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