Fly river

Swarzenski PW, Sutton P, Porcelli D, McKee BA (2003) 234,238y jgotope systematics in two large tropical estuaries The Amazon and Fly River outflow regions. Cont Shelf Res (in press)... 

Harris, P.T., Baker, E.K., Cole, A.R., and Short, S.A. (1993) A preliminary study of sedimentation in the tidally dominated Fly River Delta, Gulf of Papua. Cont. Shelf Res. 13, 441-472. 

Fig. 8. Shale-normalized lanthanide compositions of 0.22 (tm filtrates of the Amazon, Fly (Papua New Guinea) and Mississippi River waters. Amazon and Mississippi data from Sholkovitz (1993, 1995) Fly River data from unpublished work of Sholkovitz. G/J Avg. refers to the averaged river water composition of Goldstein and Jacobsen (1988a).

Estuarine data are compiled in table A3 which includes unpublished data for the Fly River in Papua New Guinea (Sholkovitz, in preparation). As with river studies, data on... 

The Amazon and Fly River (Papua New Guinea) estuaries serve as good examples of the five features outlined above. The salinity distribution of dissolved Nd (<0.22 pm) in fig. 12 is representative of the other bivalent lanthanides. This figure contains data for both surface and deep waters the bottom part B is an expanded scale for S >3 samples. The Fly and Amazon data sets have Nd-salinity distributions for surface waters which are remarkably similar and exhibit the same two major features (1) removal of dissolved lanthanides in the low (0-5) salinity region and (2) desorption in the seaward region. Hence, it appears that the removal process and the release process (desorption) are decoupled. 

Marine sediments, plant, flesh water lake sediment soil terrestrial plants milk powder Freshwater sediment soil Spruce twigs needles River sediment Coal fly ash... 

A helicopter flies over a river at 6 02 a.m. and arrives at a heliport 20 miles away at 6 17 a.m. How many miles per hour was the helicopter traveling ... 

Plant 3920 is a bituminous coal- and oil-fired plant with a generating capacity of 557 MW. This plant uses 1,220,000 Mg/year of coal. An ash settling pond was used to remove wastes from coal pile runoff, regeneration wastes, and fly ash. The influent data were obtained from the pond inlet whereas the effluent data were from the discharge stream to the river. The results of this treatment are shown in Table 9. 

Belete, H., Tikubet, G., Petros, B., Oyibu, W. A., and Otigbuo, I. N. (2004). Control of human African trypanosomiasis trap and odour preference of tsetse flies (Glossina morsitans submorsitans) in the upper Didessa River Valley of Ethiopia. Tropical Medicine and International Health 9,710-714. 

The largest volume of coal mined in the USA comes from the Powder River Basin (PRB) located in Wyoming and Montana (EIA 1995). Combustion of the PRB coal produces a high-Ca Class-C fly ash (22-32 wt% CaO) that is widely used as a replacement for Portland cement in concrete. An XRD pattern of this... 

Fig. 5. X-ray diffractogram of Class-C subbituminous fly ash (from Powder River Basin coal). For analytical conditions, see Fig. 3.

Fig. 9. Scanning electron micrograph of hydrated Powder River Basin high-Ca fly ash. The phases identified by XRD included ettringite (bumps on surface), monosulphate, and stratlingite (the latter are both platy).

Leaching of trace metals from CCB materials is of potential concern for contamination of natural water supplies. For example, Groenewold etal. (1985) found elevated levels of As, Cr, Mo, Pb, and Se in groundwater below a lignite fly ash landfill in North Dakota, and Shende et al. (1994) found stockpiled coal bottom ash contributed leachable metals to adjoining rivers. However, it also has been observed that weathered CCBs have the ability to retain many metals (Janssen-Jurkovicova et al. 1994 Steenari et al. 1999). 

Methods and technology were developed to analyze 1000 samples/yr of coal and other pollution-related samples. The complete trace element analysis of 20-24 samples/wk averaged 3-3.5 man-hours/sample. The computerized data reduction scheme could identify and report data on as many as 56 elements. In addition to coal, samples of fly ash, bottom ash, crude oil, fuel oil, residual oil, gasoline, jet fuel, kerosene, filtered air particulates, ore, stack scrubber water, clam tissue, crab shells, river sediment and water, and corn were analyzed. Precision of the method was 25% based on all elements reported in coal and other sample matrices. Overall accuracy was estimated at 50%. 

For the various matrices that were studied, specifically the sludge/fly ash, river sediment and shale rock, certain modifiers were more effective that others in terms of achieving high extraction efficiencies. For the target analytes (PCB s, aromatics, chlorinated aromatics and hydrocarbons) propylene carbonate and benzene achieved the highest extraction efficiencies compared to pure CO2. 

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