Quinolone and fluoroquinolone antibiotics

The quinolones include nalidixic acid (NegGram), cinoxacin (Cinobac), norfloxacin (Noroxin), and ciprofloxacin (Cipro). Other members of the quinolone family are pefloxacin, ofloxacin, enoxacin, and fleroxacin. The bacterial enzyme DNA gyrase is responsible for the continuous introduction of negative supercoils into DNA, and the quinolones inhibit this gyrase-mediated DNA supercoiliiig. 

The quinolones and fluoroquinolones may produce arthropathy, and hence should not be used in prepubertal children or pregnant women. 

Nalidixic acid and cinoxacin are useful only for treating urinary tract infections. Ciprofloxacin is useful for both urinary tract infections and prostatitis. 

QUINUPRISTIN/DALFOPRISTIN (Synercid injection, lyophilized 500 mg (150 mg quinupristin 350 mg dalfopristin)/10 mL)) 

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Quinolone and fluoroquinolone antibiotics are a group of highly-potent, synthetic antibiotics, derived from 3-quinolone carboxylic acid They are used as broad-spectrum antibiotics in the treatment of both human and veterinary diseases. 

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