Fluid filtration

Formations can be oil wet or water wet. The fluid filtrate depends on what is the continuous phase of the completion fluid. Thus the formation wettability can be reduced by wettability charge. This effect can be controlled either by proper fluid selection or by treatment with water wetting additives. 

D. Tan. Test and application of drilling fluid filtrate reducer polysul-fonated humic acid resin. Oil Drilling Prod Technol, 12(l) 27-32,97-98, 1990. 

In filtration, suspended solid particles in a gas, vapor or liquid are removed by passing the mixture through a porous medium that retains the particles and passes the fluid (filtrate). The solid can be retained on the surface of the filter medium, which is cake filtration, or captured within the filter medium, which is depth filtration. The filter medium can be arranged in many ways. 

Clay minerals, inevitably present in a petroleum formation, are sensitive to the type and concentration of ions contained in the well fluid filtrate lost to the reservoir. This sensitivity is demonstrated by a reduction in the permeability caused by the well fluid filtrate flowing through the core under investigation. 

Johnson, Peter R. Fundamentals of Fluid Filtration A Technical Primer. Tall Oaks Publishing, Inc., USA, 1990. 

Johnston P. Fundamentals of Fluid Filtration—A Technical Primer.2nd ed. Littleton, Colorado Tall Oaks Publishing 1998. 

To evaluate heat transfer intensity inside the porous wick with two-phase fluid filtration through the porous media a volumetric coefficient of the heat transfer hv (W/m K) need to be determined. The energy absorbed by the cold fluid can be estimated by the number hv (T - t) (W/m ), which represents the heat energy dissipation in the unit of the volume of porous structure per unit of time. The temperature of the porous structure in this elementary volume is T , and the temperature of the fluid is f . The temperature field inside the porous wall is determined as ... 

Fevy, R.V. The effect of pH, viscosity, and additives on the bacterial retention of membrane filters challenged with pseudomonas diminuta. In Fluid Filtration Liquid American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Washington, DC, 1987 Vol. II. 

The usual laboratory method for obtaining B. macerans amylase is to culture the organism on an autoclaved potato or oatmeal medium in the presence of calcium carbonate at 37-45° for 2-4 weeks. The culture fluid (filtrate or centrifugate) contains enzyme which can be stored as such,... 

Dual-Filtration Vessels. In order to transform a batch process into a semibatch process, the particle-loaded fluid is directed to one of at least two collection vessels that are operated altenatively in fluid filtration and particle harvesting. 

Taylor AE. Capillary fluid filtration Starling forces and lymph flow. Circ Res 1981 49 557-575. 

Filtration does not rely on chemical reaction to inactivate microorganisms it is therefore suitable for heat-labile and radiation-sensitive fluids. Filtration should leave no traces nor leach chemical contaminants into the product. As a... 

The invasion of drilling fluid filtrate into permeable zones that contain hydrocarbon adds significantly to the complexity of evaluating the... 

Autoclavable trays, pumps, reusable devices, fluid filtration transparent or opaque, good chemical resistance, high cycle autoclave- up to 2000 cycles... 

R.K. Stratton, M.J. Apicella, P. Mines, A fluid filtration comparison of gutta-percha versus Resilon, a new soft resin endodontic obturation system, J. Endod. 32 (2006)... 

S.G. Biggs, K.I. Knowles, J.L. Ibarrola, D.H. Pashley, An in vitro assessment of the sealing ability of Resilon/Epiphany using fluid filtration, J. Endod. 32 (2006) 759-761. 

P. Sheerlinck, M. Ouedemi, Melting Blown Polymeric filtration Medium for High Efficiency Fluid Filtration, US Patent 8372292B2, Feb 2013, assigned to Johns Manville Corp., USA... 

Johnson, P., 1986, Fluid Filtration Liquids Vplume II, ASTM Spedal Technical Publication 975, Publication Code 04-975002-39, p 59. 

Suspension Hydraulic Fluid Filtrate Filter Cake Vacuum... 

The endothelium of the pulmonary circulation has functions other than serving as a conduit for respiratory gas exchange and fluid filtration. It also acts as a sort of biochemical filter because of its efficient and highly selective metabolic machinery. 

Relatively brief periods (days) of hypercholeste-rolaemia can exert profound effects on endothe-Hum-dependent functions of the microcirculation, including dilation of arterioles, fluid filtration across capillaries, and regulation of leucocyte recruitment in postcapillary venules. Hypercholesterolae-mia appears to convert the normal anti-inflammatory phenotype of the microcirculation to a proinf-lammatory phenotype. This phenotype change appears to result from a decline in nitric oxide bioa-vailabihty that results from a reduction in NO biosynthesis, inactivation of NO by O2 , or both (for review see Stokes at al. 2002). 

In addition, standing produces a substantial increase in the transmural capillary pressure present in the dependent areas of the body, which causes a rise in fluid filtration into tissue spaces. This process reaches a steady state after approximately 30 min of upright posture and can produce a decline in plasma volume of up to 10% (6,10,11). 

Ruziwa W.R., Hanspal N.S., Waghode A.N., Nassehi V. and Wakeman R.J., 2004. Computer modelling of pleated cartridge filters for viscous fluids. Filtration, 4(2), 136-144. 

Huijberts, M. S. P., Wolffenbutel, B. H. R., Boudier, H. A., Cijns, F. R., Kruseman, A. C. N., Poitevin, P., and Levy, B. I., 1993, Aminoguanidine treatment increases elasticity and decreases fluid filtration of large arteries from diabetic rats, J. Clin. Invest. 92 1407-1411. 

FUavacek M. The role of synovial fluid filtration by cartilage in lubrication of synovial joints. J. Biomech. 1993 26 1145-6U. 

B. Miller, 1. Tyomkin, J.A. Wehner, Quantifying the porous structure of fabrics for filtration applications, in R.R. Raber (Ed.), Proceedings of a symposium held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA, Fluid filtration gas, vol. 1, ASTM Special Technical Publication 975, 1986, pp. 97—109. 

New method of fracture propagation simulation is proposed. The method unites three sub-models that describe three (except the fluid filtration) processes that affect the fracture propagation. Important advance of the methodic is its ability to replace any sub-model without nmnerical algorithm modification. So the appropriate sub-model can be chosen for each process depending on the problem features. 

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