Flow-line treating

A type of processing equipment in which the entire amount of material to be used is put into the mixer and mixed for a definite period, with multiple recirculation of material through the mixing zone, in contrast to what happens in a continuous mixer. After the mixing period the whole amount of material is removed from the mixer. In oil production or processing, the process in which emulsion is collected in a tank and then broken in a batch. This process is used as opposed to continuous or flow-line treating of emulsions. 

Batch Treating In oil production or processing, the process in which emulsion is collected in a tank and then broken in a batch. This method is as opposed to continuous, or flow-line, treating of emulsions. 

Since HtS dissolved in water is very corrosive to carbon 4 steel, a comprehensive corrosion-control program is being conducted. In the field, each well is treated once per month by displacing inhibitor down to the perfora-. tions with stock tank oil. Corrosion coupons in the flow-lines are inspected every 6 months Little corrosion has been detected in the field. In the plants, corrosion in-hibitor is added daily to the gas-sweetening solvent, the salt water system, and the stabilizer overhead. Inhibitor is -Jj also added to bulk chemicals as received. Numerous corrosion coupons and probes are installed in each facility and are pulled for inspection every 1 to 3 months Corrosion rates have been low (less than I mil/year) asY result of the inhibitor injection program. 

Agitation. After the chemical has been introduced into the system, agitation is needed to intimately mix the demulsifier with the emulsion, and to promote collision of water drops and coalescence after the emulsifier films are disrupted. Agitation is readily obtained in most systems by passage of the fluids through flow lines, headers, separators, and treating vessels... 

Additives. Details of such additives as acids used for treating wdls and to clear flow lines, scale inhibitors, and demulsifiers should be furnished. Trade names and quantities injected should be included. 

There have been fewer studies in electrochemistry where the flow is known but the boundary-layer approach is inapplicable. One example has been recently analyzed and compared with experiment. In this case, mass transfer to a line electrode or an array of line electrodes in the presence of an oscillatory shear flow was treated. A finite-volume approach was used for the numerical analysis and a ferri/ferrocyanide redox couple was used to measure the mass-transfer rate. The studies show that boundary-... 

It is usefiil to consider the case of an installation of a subsea gathering system for a natural gas production field. The pipeline design for a new gas production facility consisted of 20 cm diameter subsea gathering lines (flow lines) emptying into a 19 km, 50 cm diameter subsea transmission gas pipeline. The pipeline was to bring wet gas from an offshore producing area to a dehydration facility on shore. The internal corrosion was estimated to be 300-400 mpy. The corrosion mitigation options considered were (i) carbon steel treated with a corrosion inhibitor (ii) internally coated carbon steel with a supplemental corrosion inhibitor (iii) 22% Cr duplex stainless steel (iv) 625 corrosion-resistant alloy (CRA). The chance for success was estimated from known field histories of each technique, as well as the analysis of the corrosivity of the system and the level of sophistication required for successful implementation (Table 4.42). 

Additional provisions should be made to avoid hazardous violent reaction- sodium/liquid water type- due to uncontrolled flow of aqueous sodium hydroxide on metallic sodium retentions. Bulky sodium residues should not be on the flowing line of liquid effluent. That is why the module could not be treated in the SG in-situ vertical position. An inclination of the module of 30° with regard to the vertical position is needed. For the same reason, the reactant gas should flow from the lower inlet to the upper end of the module, because the water vapour reacts immediately with the first encountered sodium surfaces as it enters into the module. 

From noted points above, the examination of how efiftciency can be realized by collecting small and medium scale intermediate treatment facilities is focused and set to the purpose of this smdy. In Chiba prefecture, many of the small and medium intermediate treatment facilities can be found and the intermediate treatment is carried out after collecting industrial wastes from each local manufacturing industry or storage site of industrial waste. However, most of the intermediate facilities have a daily capacity of less than 10 tons. Consequently, the flow line of reverse logistics is longer than necessary when treated parts are redistributed for remanufacturing or disposal. 

Treat the reset screw with respect a little can go a long way. Turning the reset screw down forces the control valve to return the variable being controlled closer to the set point. For example, a flow controller is set at 5,000 B/SD. After a period of diminishing oscillations, the flow lines out at 5,600 B/SD. When the reset screw is calibrated in minutes per repeat, one would turn the screw setting down to reduce the flow toward 5,000 B/SD. However, too much reset will tend to make the control loop unstable. 

Discharge Flow Regimes Upon developing a puncture in either the vessel or a line attached to the vessel, as in Fig. 26-62, the subsequent depressurization can cause a volatile liqmd to flash and develop bubbles in the liquid. These bubbles cause an expansion, or. 9well, which raises the two-phase, or frothy, level. If the puncture is in the vapor space of a vessel or on a line from the vapor space, the discharge will be at least initially all vapor. This is the simplest discharge case and is treated here as a special case. 

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