Flow injection analysis system characterization

The following set of experiments provide examples of the application of flow injection analysis or the characterization of the behavior of a flow injection analysis system. 

Veenstra, T. T., Lammerink, T. S. J., van den Berg, A., Elwenspoek, M. C., Characterization method for a new diffusion mixer applicable in micro flow injection analysis systems, in Proceedings of the Micromechanics Europe (MNE)... 

EXPERIMENT 36 CHARACTERIZATION OF PHYSICAL PARAMETERS OF A FLOW INJECTION ANALYSIS SYSTEM... 

T. T. Veenstra, Characterization Method for a New Difiusion Mixer Applicable in Micro Flow Injection Analysis Systems. J. Micromedi. Microeng., 1999, 9, 199-202. 

FAB and LSIMS are matrix-mediated desorption techniques that use energetic particle bombardment to simultaneously ionize samples like carotenoids and transfer them to the gas phase for mass spectrometric analysis. Molecular ions and/or protonated molecules are usually abundant and fragmentation is minimal. Tandem mass spectrometry with collision-induced dissociation (CID) may be used to produce abundant structurally significant fragment ions from molecular ion precursors (formed using FAB or any suitable ionization technique) for additional characterization and identification of chlorophylls and their derivatives. Continuous-flow FAB/LSIMS may be interfaced to an HPLC system for high-throughput flow-injection analysis or on-line LC/MS. 

Because of the high selectivity and sensitivity of the postcolumn fluorescence detection of histidine with OPA, the present HPLC method is applicable to a specific and rapid assay of histidine in human semm, blood, and urine after simple pretreatment. A recent paper demonstrated that the postcolumn detection with OPA was applicable to the simultaneous assays of histidine and its major metabolites cis- and frawi-urocanic acids) in human stratum corneum. " The postcolumn detection system was also applicable to the flow injection analysis (FIA) method for the assay of histidine in semm and urine. The FIA method enabled us to determine histidine in blood after pretreatment of the sample with A-ethylmaleimide (masking reagent of glutathione).These methods are useful in the diagnosis of histidinanemia, one of hereditary metabolic disorders characterized by a virtual deficiency of histidine ammonia-lyase. 

Huang Y L, Foellmer T J, Ang K C, Khoo S B, Yap M G S (1995). Characterization and application of an on-line flow injection analysis/wall-jet electrode system for glucose monitoring during fermentation. Anal. Chim. Acta. 317 223-232. 

The phosphate analysis described here is characterized by an analysis time of four minutes, when system flushing is included This is in contrast to the conventional flow injection analysis of phosphate using the molybdenum blue method reported in [2] and [10] These two studies indicate analysis times of 30 and 80 seconds, respectively Several factors play a role in the longer analysis times for the micromachmed system First is the incorporation of a time-based injection technique in the system, as opposed to the volume-defined methods using valves described in [2] and [10] While elimination of the need for an injection valve simplifies the system, time-based injection schemes by... 

Very few immunosensors are commercially available. The commercial immunosensors are either the detector or bioanalyzer types. The PZ 106 immunosensor from Universal Sensors Inc. (New Orleans, LA) has been used as a detector to measure antibody-antigen reaction. Ohmicron (Newtown, PA) developed a series of pesticide immuno-bioanalyzers that have been used in field tests. Pharmacia Biosensor USA (Piscataway, NJ) recently introduced BIAcore immunodetection system. A combination of a unique flow injection device and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) detection technique provides a real time analysis. A carboxylmethyldextran layer added to plasmon generating gold film is a hydrophobic, activatable, and flexible polymer that provides high antibody and low non-specific bindings. System demonstration at the Institute of Food Technologists (IFT) 1994 meeting in Atlanta drew attention of food scientists. It should easily be adapted for food protein characterization. 

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