Flow injection analysis MS

R. Richmond, E. Gorlach, The automatic visualisation of carry-over in high-throughput flow-injection analysis MS, Anal. Chim Acta, 390 (1999) 175. 

R. Richmond, The analytical characterization of sub-minute measurement duty cycles in flow injection analysis MS, by their carry-over. Anal. Chim Acta, 403 (2000) 287. 

Yu, K. Balogh, M.A. Protocol for High-Throughput Drug Mixture Quantitation Fast LC-MS or Flow Injection Analysis-MS LC GC 19, 60-72 (2001). 

Schrdder, H. Fr., Surfactants non-biodegradable, significant pollutants in sewage treatment plant effluents. Separation, identification and quantification by LC, flow-injection analysis-MS and tandem MS, J. Chromatogr., 1993, 647, 219-234. 

The issue of flow rate is of particular importance when a method is being developed to determine more than one analyte since the dependency of signal intensity on flow rate is likely to be different for each. This is demonstrated in the development of an LC-MS method for the analysis of a number of pesticides [3], the structures of which are shown in Figure 5.1. Initial experiments to determine the MS-MS transitions to monitor, shown in Table 5.2, and the optimum collision cell conditions were carried out by using flow-injection analysis. 

Stroh and Voellkopf [746] utilised flow injection analysis coupled to ICP-MS to determine down to 0.6 ppt of antimony, arsenic, and mercury in seawater. 

Tandem mass spectrometric methods have demonstrated superb specificity because of their ability to isolate analytes selectively in the presence of endogenous interferences. Attempts to further increase sample throughput led to the idea of using LC/MS/MS without the LC. Traditional chromatographic separations were replaced with flow injection analysis (FLA) or nanoelectrospray infusion techniques. The MS-based columnless methods attracted a lot of attention because of their inherent fast cycle times and no need for LC method development. 

As shown, the system incorporates an integrated plate changer that accommodates plates for analysis as well as plates for collecting fractions of interest. Plates can be of different formats for sampling and collection, for example, a 384-well plate could be used for samples and a 96-well plate for collection (of course, the same plate type may be used for both sampling and collection). The system also incorporates a dedicated rinse station at the fraction collection end. The number of fractions and the time intervals for collection are defined by the user and automatically controlled by the software. In this way, analytes can be isolated and collected using /.tPLC. Collected fractions can, for example, be injected onto MS instrumentation with minimal cycle time by employing a flow injection analysis approach. 

Several authors have reported the identification and determination of APEOs in industrial blends, wastewaters and environmental samples by APCI-MS using flow injection analysis (FIA) [2,3] or preceded by LC, using both RP [4-9] and NP [10,11] separation. 

Flow injection analysis (FIA) ESI-MS and APCI-MS spectra for an EO/PO polyether modified silicone surfactant (PEMS) used as a personal care product have been obtained in positive and negative ionisation modes with the positive ionisation mode yielding the best results [41]. The spectra obtained in both modes were highly complicated, and thus no assignment was given. Significant differences in the ionisation results were obtained from the two interfaces, with those ions observed in the ESI-MS spectrum appearing in the lower... 

For the identification of surfactants in influent and effluent samples from German and Greek wastewater treatment plants, Schroder and co-workers [4,5] employed an analytical approach comprising SPE, selective elution and screening analysis by flow-injection analysis (FIA)-MS(MS) in combination with liquid chromatography-(tandem)... 

The qualitative determination of anionic surfactants in environmental samples such as water extracts by flow injection analysis coupled with MS (FIA-MS) applying a screening approach in the negative ionisation mode sometimes may be very effective. Using atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation (APCI) and electrospray ionisation (ESI), coupled with FIA or LC in combination with MS, anionic surfactants are either predominantly or sometimes exclusively ionised in the negative mode. Therefore, overview spectra obtained by FIA—MS(—) often are very clear and free from disturbing matrix components that are ionisable only in the positive mode. However, the advantage of clear... 

The structural integrity of M2D-C3-0-(E0)ra-CH3 was maintained for all solid media investigated, as confirmed by qualitative analysis of the flow injection analysis (FIA) API-MS spectra (example shown in Fig. 2.8.10a). Intercalation of the surfactant solution between the clay layers was considered as the likely cause of the reduced recovery on montmorillonite (74%), according to experimental observations and... 

There has been significant advancement in the applications of NMR to the development of small-molecule pharmaceutical products. For example, advances in NMR automation (e.g., flow-injection analysis) and directly coupled methods (e.g., LC-MS-NMR analysis) have made analysis and characterization of small-molecule drugs much easier.23 25 These improvements have helped chemists to develop and characterize small-molecule combinatorial libraries and to screen for active compounds.4 6 It is likely some of these techniques can also be used in biopharmaceutical product development. 

Barco, M. Planas, C. Palacios, O. Ventura, F. Rivera, J. Caixach, J. Simultaneous Quantitative Analysis of Anionic, Cationic, and Nonionic Surfactants in Water by ESI-MS With Flow Injection Analysis. Anal. Chem. 2003, 75, 5179-5136. 

This chapter focuses on acylcarnitine analysis in various sample types following derivatization to butyl- or methylesters and flow injection ESI-MS/MS. Capillary electrophoresis MS/MS and LC-MS/MS methods have also been described in recent years with the noted benefits of isomer separation and further simplification of the sample preparation steps, although at the cost of larger sample volume requirements and longer analytical times [53, 54]. 

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