Flow equalizer

In any gas burner some mechanism or device (flame holder or pilot) must be provided to stabilize the flame against the flow of the unbumed mixture. This device should fix the position of the flame at the burner port. Although gas burners vary greatly in form and complexity, the distribution mechanisms in most cases are fundamentally the same. By keeping the linear velocity of a small fraction of the mixture flow equal to or less than the burning velocity, a steady flame is formed. From this pilot flame, the main flame spreads to consume the main gas flow at a much higher velocity. The area of the steady flame is related to the volumetric flow rate of the mixture by equation 18 (81,82)... 

Internal Return Rate. Another rate criterion, the internal return rate (IRR) or discounted cash flow rate of return (DCERR), is a popular ranking criterion for profitabiUty. The IRR is the annual discounting rate that makes the algebraic sum of the discounted annual cash flows equal to zero or, more simply, it is the total return rate at the poiat of vanishing profitabiUty. This is determined iteratively. 

With flow in curved passages or with swirling flow, determination of a true average static pressure is, in general, impractical. In metering, straightening vanes are often placed upstream of the pressure tap to eliminate swirl. Fig. 10-2 shows various flow equalizers and straight-eners. 

FIG. 10-2 Flow equalizer and straigliteners [Fower Test Code 10, Compres-sots and Exhausters, Amer Soe. of Meehanieal Engineers, 1965],... 

Figure 20-1. Flow equalizers and straighteners. (Power Test Code 10, Compressors and Exhausters, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1965.)...

Flow equalization system A device or tank designed to hold back or store a portion of peak flows for release during low-flow periods. 

Complementary accessories for ATD components of the installation which are used in conjunction with, and in several cases form an integral part of, the air terminal device for the purpose of achieving the predetermined profile or rate of flow into or from the air terminal device (e.g., air flow controllers, dampers, flow equalizers, baffles, etc.), and... 

Flow equalizer A component used in a conduit to reduce turbulence or eddies in the flow. 

The continuous phase moves through the vessel on a uniform flow equal to the overflow rate. To identify which is the continuous phase (from [65] by [32]) ... 

The opening provided through the disk, after burst, is sufficient to permit a flow equal to the capacity of the valve (Par. 2 and 3 above) and there is no chance of interference with proper functioning of the valve but in no case shall this area be less than 80% of the area of the inlet of the valve unless the capacity and functioning of the specific combination of rupture... 

The opening pro dded through the rupture disk device after breakage is sufficient to permit a flow equal to the rated capacity of the attached safety or safety relief valve without exceeding the allowable overpressure. 

The platelets comprise an array of parallel micro channels with microstructured triangular-shaped headers at both ends. In the headers holes form conducts to the external feed fluid supply. Optimization of the shape of the header with respect to flow equalization was the topic of various simulation studies [52, 53]. 

Similar to the case of H-atoms the results obtained fully confirm the validity of expression v = 9Iz, where 9 is the degree of ionization depending on adsorbate, adsorbent, and the temperature. This means that ZnO films (it is also correct both for a CdO layer, and for other chemically stable semiconductor oxides) may be used as very sensitive miniature sensors to determine intensity of atom flow for detected noble metals Ag and Pd (see Table 3.2). If the sensitivity of the measuring equipment is brought up to one can measure atom flows equal to... 

Pretreatment is a series of physical and chemical processes to precondition the wastewater and remove some wastes. The treatment is usually arranged in the following sequence screening flow equalization and neutralization optional fat, oil, and grease (FOG) separator optional acidification ... 

Applying a flow equalization tank is usually considered to be an economic approach to meet the peak requirement. However, too long a retention time may result in an anaerobic environment. A decrease in pH and bad odors are common problems during the process. 

Pretreatment is necessary for the treatment of the food industry wastewater. Pretreatment options such as flow equalization and neutralization, screening, FOG separation, acidification, coagulation-flocculation, sedimentation, and DAF are available. Selecting the appropriate technology depends on the wastewater characteristics. 

In the steady state, the incoming liquid flow equals the nuity,... 

Rod bundle heat transfer analysis (Anklam, 1981a) A 64-rod bundle was used with an axially and radially uniform power profile. Bundle dimensions are typical of a 17 X 17 fuel assembly in a PWR. Experiments were carried out in a steady-state mode with the inlet flow equal to the steaming rate. Generally, about 20-30% of the heated bundle was uncovered. Data were taken during periods of time when the two-phase mixture level was stationary and with parameters in the following ranges ... 

Internal rate of return (IRR) the interest or discount rate for which the future net cash flows equal the initial cash outlay. 

Equalization basins may be designed to equalize flow, concentrations, or both [27]. For flow equalization, the cumulative flow is plotted vs. time over the equalization period, which is usually 24 hours. The maximum volume above the constant-discharge line is the equalization volume required. The basin may also be sized to restrict the discharge to a maximum concentration of a critical pollutant. For example, if the maximum effluent from an activated sludge unit is 20 mg/L BOD5, the maximum allowable effluent from the equalization basin may be computed and thereby provide a basis for sizing the unit. Novotny and England [44]... 

Figure 7 presents a probability plot of the flow ratio (gal/1000 lb) for 269 of the 327 pesticide process areas for which data were available [7]. Significant information in this figure shows that 11% of all pesticide processes have no flow, 50% of all pesticide processes have flows equal to or less than 1000 gal/1000 lb, and 84% have flows equal to or less than 4500 gal/1000 lb. 

Instead of setting the reference flow equal to the flow in the analytical column, it can be optimized for minimum drift during temperature-programming (a) Set the flows equal. (b) Make a temperature program run, observing the drift on a recorder,. 

A material balance is preserved at each node total flow in equals total flow out, or net flow equals zero. 

Downcomer areas must be distributed in such an order as to keep liquid flow equally distributed across the tray. 

Flow switching in a PDMS chip can be achieved by deflection from two side channels (see Figure 3.34) [359]. When there is zero hydrostatic pressure, the two streams of fluorescent beads flow equally to two channels. When the hydrostatic pressure from the bottom channel is greater (i.e., 2 mm liquid level differ-... 

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