Fire growth open fires

FIRE SIMULATOR predicts the effects of fire growth in a 1-room, 2-vent compartment with sprinkler and detector. It predicts temperature and smoke properties (Oj/CO/COj concentrations and optical densities), heat transfer through room walls and ceilings, sprinkler/heat and smoke detector activation time, heating history of sprinkler/heat detector links, smoke detector response, sprinkler activation, ceiling jet temperature and velocity history (at specified radius from the flre i, sprinkler suppression rate of fire, time to flashover, post-flashover burning rates and duration, doors and windows which open and close, forced ventilation, post-flashover ventilation-limited combustion, lower flammability limit, smoke emissivity, and generation rates of CO/CO, pro iri i post-flashover. 

The dynamics of fire growth is strongly influenced by the kinematics of flow through porous vegetation and urban structures (the canopy). The local wind and turbulence environment at the source determines the initial spread of a fire. Wind profiles vary depending upon the density (porosity) of the surrounding objects, their distribution vertically or laterally, the presence of below canopy open regions, and the distance... 

The first test series evaluated the flammability characteristics of small format Li-ion batteries and the FM Global standard cartoned commodities in a three-tier high, single row, open frame, rack storage array. All tests conducted were free burn tests. In each test, cartoned commodity was only located in a portion of the rack where the initial fire growth was expected to lead to sprinkler operation (i.e., at the flues). The first test series was used to estimate the fire hazard from the cartoned commodity present at the time of the predicted first sprinkler operation. 

Small amounts of boron compounds are also used to control the growth of weeds in agriculture, and as insecticides, fertilizers, and flame retardants. A flame retardant is a material that prevents another material from catching fire and burning with an open flame. 

The US Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) has found that the outer cover fabric is the primary determinant of the initial growth of small open flame-ignited furniture fires. Injuries caused by these fires are principally those of children playing with lighters and matches. 

The full title of this standard is, Fire Prevention and Control on Open Type Offshore Production Platforms. It provides recommendations for rninimizing the likelihood of having an accidental fire, and for designing, inspecting, and maintaining fire control systems. It emphasizes the need to train personnel in firefighting, to conduct routine drills, and to establish methods and procedures for safe evacuation. The fire control systems discussed in this recommended practice are intended to provide an early response to incipient fires to prevent their growth. They provide a baseline, and are not intended to preclude the appUcation of more... 

---