Finger rubbing

Zhang et al. [58] developed superhydrophobic aluminum alloys by one-step spray coating of an alcohol solution consisting of hydrophobic silica nanoparticles (15-40 nm) and methyl silicate precursor on etched aluminum alloy with pitted morphology. The as-sprayed metal surface showed APCA of 155° and ROA of 4°. In their study they used many different mechanical durability tests that we will describe in the next section and 

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Keep this product away from the eyes (unless use in or around the eye has been recommended or prescribed). Do not rub or put the fingers near the eyes unless the hands have been thoroughly washed and all remnants of die drug removed from the fingers. 

The traditional way of making these products is to mix the fat and the flour, a process known as rubbing in the fat. This name is understandable, deriving from the time when the fat was literally rubbed into the flour with the finger tips - this has the effect of water proofing the flour, which reduces gluten formation as the proteins need to absorb water for... 

About 100 years ago, when people used to wear felt hats, the hat maker used mercury to process the felt. He applied the mercury to the inside of the hat brim by dipping his fingers into a pool of mercury and then rub-... 

Spread thin layer of ointment on skin using applicator or dose-measuring papers, do not use fingers, do not rub or massage... 

Derham said of this phosphorus, I saw some of it, press d widi a Quill that was cut, and it fired Gun-powder about it. Mr. Concle [Kunckel ] writ also with it on Paper, and the Letters all shined in the Dark.. . . My Author says he had once wrapp d up a Knob in Wax, at Hanover, and it being in his Pocket, and he busy near die Fire, die very Heat set it in Flame, and bum d all his Cloaths, and his Fingers also for diough he rubbed diem in die Dirt, notiling would quench it, unless he had had Water, he was ill for 15 Days, and the Skin came off.. . ... 

Directions for determining in Water the Nonvolatile Organic Matter—Silica, Iron, Alumina arid Phosphates Lime and Magnesia.—Evaporate slowly half a gallon of wator to about a pint, over a gas flame then transfer tire dish -to a sand-bath, and continue the evaporation till the bulk is reduced to about two fluid ounces. Now accurately weigh a dean platinum dish. Scrape the deposit carefully from the bottom of the porcelain basin, and rub off that which cannot be removed by the platinum knife with the middle finger rinse the whole into tire platinum dish, and then evaporate to dryness on a water-bath. Be careful to observe that every particle of the deposit is removed from the porcelain vessel, When the residuo Is dry place the dish in an air-hath, and heat it for half on hour or on hour at a temperature of 260°,... 

Wallerius in 1747 used a finger nail, knife, file or diamond powder for hardness determination. Werner in 1774 rubbed a mineral against a finger nail, knife or piece of steel to determine the quantities of powder thus derived. Hatty (1801) used calcite and quartz as well as glass for this purpose. The first arbitrarily chosen scale of hardness, containing exclusively minerals, was devised in Sweden by Kvist in 1768. It covered diamond—20, topaz—15, zeolite—13, quartz—11, fluorite—7, calcite—6, gypsum—5 and chalk—2. 

Mechanical properties. The mechanical properties of films of the fully cured polysiloxane were quite unexpected because they were very flexible, easily torn, of low extensibility, and quite friable. A film 5 mm thick broke immediately when twisted, and disintegrated into crumbs when rubbed gently between the fingers. 

Objective Examination.—The flour is rubbed between the finger and thumb to ascertain if it is soft, lumpy, etc. it is also examined as regards odour (best observed in flours which are nearly unsound by boiling with water containing a little caustic soda) and taste (if agreeable or not) and for the presence of mites or other parasites visible to the naked eye or under a lens. 

Fastness against scouring. The sample is rubbed ten times up and down energetically with a piece of white cotton materal stretched between the fingers to ascertain if the white cotton becomes coloured and to what extent. No standards are fixed for this test. 

When dressed products are to be examined, a small portion is washed for about 15 minutes under the tap and rubbed vigorously between the fingers meanwhile it is then allowed to dry completely in the air and afterwards tested as above. 

Graphite has a layered structure and consequently is a very soft material, in spite of the fact that the bonds within one layer are extremely strong. When you rub graphite between your fingers, they become black. You displace and remove the layers of the crystal lattice one at a time by rubbing it. 

Two kinds of hardness can be measured scratch hardness and indentation hardness. Special styluses are available to measure the scratch hardness. These are provided with a crystal tip which has a certain hardness. When a material is scratched with a certain stylus and no scratch is made, then the material has a higher hardness than the tip of the stylus. By using different styluses you can accurately determine the hardness. This method is often applied in mineralogy, e.g. by mineral collectors. Hardness is ranked along the Mohs scale, which is based on the hardness of minerals. In this scale talc is the softest mineral, which becomes clear when you rub it between your fingers. 

When the man finally laid the hammer to rest on the desk, Fitz somehow kept his sigh of relief walled up inside. Minsk released his wrist at Garudin s simple nod, and Fitz set about rubbing some blood back into it, taking pains (ha ) not to examine his ruined fingers too closely. Garudin wasted no time instructing Minsk to carry Tatyana to the sick bay, to leave her to sleep... 

Cover the small hole of one of the cups with your finger. While holding the cup over the sink add about one-quarter cup of water to it. Rub the covered plastic ballpoint pen in your hair or on a sweater for about thirty seconds. Uncover the hole to allow a stream of water to flow. Move the middle of the ballpoint pen close to the thin stream of water, but do not touch the stream. 

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