Filler short carbon fibers

Several recent reports describe using clay or other inorganic fillers to form CP composites. Polyani-line-polypyrrole composite coatings containing clay or yttria stabilized zirconia were electrodeposited onto AA 2024-T3 [158], with improved corrosion resistance of the substrate. Similarly, particulate-filled polyaniline and polypyrrole films on AA 2024-T3 were prepared electrochemically using a variety of fillers, including clay, carbon black, short carbon fiber, zirconia, and silica [159]. Again, enhanced corrosion performance for these composites was observed. 

Carbon Black (CB), Short Carbon Fiber (SCF), or Ni as Conductive Fillers. 79... 

Partici Shape and Size. The most common morphology of conductive fillers used for ICAs is flake because flakes tend to have a large surface area, and more contact spots and thus more electrical paths than spherical fillers. The particle size of ICA fillers generally ranges from 1 to 20 /rm. Larger particles tend to provide the material with a higher electrical conductivity and lower viscosity (45). A new class of silver particles, porous nano-sized silver particles, has been introduced in ICA formulations (46,47). ICAs made with this type of particles exhibited improved mechanical properties, but the electrical conductivity is less than ICAs filled with silver flakes. In addition, short carbon fibers have been used as conductive fillers in conductive adhesive formulations (36,48). However, carbon-based conductive adhesives show much lower electrical conductivity than silver-filled ones. 

Friedrich and Voss 24 copolyester Investigated effect of fillers (short glass fiber, carbon fiber, mineral, graphite flake) on fracture and wear properties. 

It is assumed that the use of such a nanocomposite as a matrix in continuous fiber-reinforced composites will definitely improve the matrix-related properties, such as interlaminar fracture toughness, transverse tensile strength and modulus, as well as interlaminar shear strength. The same should be true for polymer-based tribomaterials, in which such a nanoparticle-modifled resin is used in combination with friction and wear improving fillers, such as short carbon fibers, PTFE particles, and graphite flakes. 

Fillers used in large quantities to reinforce plastics are alumina (aluminum oxide), calcium carbonate, calcium silicate, cellulose flock, cotton (different forms), short glass fiber, glass beads, glass spheres, graphite, iron oxide powder, mica, quartz, sisal, silicon carbide, dtanium oxide, and tungsten carbide. Choice of filler varies and depends to a great extent upon the requirements of the end item and method of fabrication. 

An example of a typical material composition is the combination of a polymer and a filler. Because compounding is a techiuque that can complement the drawbacks of conventional polymers, it has been studied over a long period and its practical apphcations are well known. Reinforcing materials such as short-fiber are often used for compounding with thermoplastic polymers in order to improve their mechaiucal or thermal properties. Polypropylene and polyamide (nylon) are used for the thermoplastic polymers, while glass fiber and carbon fiber are mainly used as reinforcing materials. A few ttm... 

Incorporation of short glass or carbon fibers into many engineering thermoplastics improves their strength, stiffness and heat deflection. The strength and fatigue crack resistance depend on the volume fraction of fiber in the composite, the mechanical properties of the fiber and pol)m[ier and particularly the adhesion between the two components. Nonfibrous fillers find application in low cost composites where they may enhance physical properties or simply replace the more expensive polymer with minimal loss of mechanical integrity. 

On the other end of the scale are the conducting and semiconducting polymers. Several types exist. For example, conducting fillers may be added, such as short metallic fibers that touch each other or carbon black. Alternately, an ionic polymer may be employed, or a salt may be added to the polymer. Conductivity in the latter systems depends on the moisture content of the polymer. 

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