Fiberglass applications

Fortunately, the absence of such irreversible attachment to E-glass did not extend to other important substrates. Early work conducted with ATH (alumina trihydrate), calcium carbonate, and titanium dioxide demonstrated irreversible attachment to such substrates [2, 3], thereby laying the foundation for use in a diverse array of non-fiberglass applications. 

Both china clay and kaolin are often used in place of alumina in continuous fiberglass applications, due to their low alkali and iron contents. 

On fiberglass resin application sections and forming lines to remove short particles of glass fiber, phenolic resins, and tars,... 

Newer fabrics, not in common use but in development, test, and field trials, are described for higher temperature applications by Reference [50]. Application to 400°F—2100°F are potentially available using ceramic fibers Nextel 312 , laminated membrane of expanded PTFE on a substrate, polyimid fiber P-84, Ryton polyphenylene sulfide, and woven fiberglass. The heat and acid resistance of these new materials... 

The primary UPR end markets are construction, automotive, and marine industries widi applications such as house paneling, tub and shower applications, chemical-resistant storage tanks, pultruded profiles, and fiberglass composite boat hulls. The UPR industry is mature, with a world production close to 1.7 million tons (Table 2.2), but must face two important issues increasingly strict regulations for styrene emissions and poor recycling potential for polyester thermosets.48 49... 

In the course of curing, the viscosity vanes from thin to syrupy liquids. This is convenient for impregnating reinforcing materials, such as fiberglass scrim, used in making wiring or circuit boards for electronics applications. 

Fiberglass, kaolin application, 6 688t, 695 Fiberglass insulation... 

Consumption of unsaturated polyesters in the marine industry consists of broad usage for hulls, decks and numerous small parts such as hatch and engine covers. Hulls and decks are generally produced with unsaturated polyester resins and multiple layers of fiberglass cloth knits and chopped fibers. Most marine applications require the use of unsaturated polyester resin gel coats for exterior appearance and for protection from the elements. 

Sheet molding compounds (SMCs) and bulk molding compounds (BMCs) are the dominant materials used in automotive applications. These composites of unsaturated polyester resin, fillers and fiberglass have advantages of high stiffness, heat resistance and low coefficient of expansion. Coupled with low creep resistance, which is a distinct advantage over thermoplastic competition, and low-profile additives, which can yield Class A surfaces, these materials are well suited for applications from exterior body panels to under the hood components. 

Phenol is also used to manufacture several important monomers. Bisphenol A, a phenol derivative, is used to make very strong polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins (the kind you buy in two tubes and mix to make glue). Ocher applications of epoxy resins include paints, fiberglass binder, and construction adhesives. 

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