Fertilization inhibition

Beagles, prenatal and early neonatal stages, given single acute dose of 0.2-1.0 Gy, then observed over 11-year life span Irradiation at all ages was associated with increased risk of decreased fertility inhibited growth and development lower brain weight and increase in fatal neoplasms 5... 

Fertilization inhibition. Hot water extract of the roasted seed, administered in the drinking water of female rats at variable doses daily for 30 weeks, was inactive . Fibrinogen level increase. Hot water extract of the dried seed, administered to adults at a dose of five cups/day, produced weak activity ". 

Quijada S, Soza X, Croxatto HB. 1978. Fertility inhibition by intraoviductal copper beads in rabbits. Contraception 17 553-562. 

Another structural type is chromenes. Centchroman [31477-60-8]is a pyrrolidinoethoxyplienyl chromane which is a potent antiestrogen with weak estrogenic activity. In India, it is used as a weekly contraceptive pih based on its reported abiUty to inhibit the uterine preparation for the attachment of the fertilized ova to the wall of the utems (see Contraceptives) (31). 

Dietary additives can affect the microbiota that are associated with the faeces of animals and degradation of the faeces may be impaired because of the influence of the excretory products on insects, microbes and fungi. The microbiota in the soil and waste material may be affected, thus altering the fertility of the pasture and sustainability of other wildlife. These microbiota can be used as dietary ingredients for animals, so inhibition of their production would be an unsatisfactory consequence of dietary additives. ... 

It is possible to observe effects of organotin(lV) compounds exposure such as inhibition of cleavage of fertilized eggs, interference with the formation of the mitotic spindle, damages affecting chromosome structure, and electron-dense precipitate formation in organelles. 

The above proposed process can be expected to easily put into practice as ammonia is abuandant as the main feedstock for fertilizer. Nevertheless, there is also a problem that Co(NH3)6 is apt to be oxidized to Co(NH3)6 which is unable to form the peroxo binuclear complex and ineffective to O2 solubility enhancement, thus reaction (4) is inhibited. But Co will be relatively stable, and Co may be reduced to Co " by H2O [12]. As a result, a regenration method has also been proposed by using the activated carbon as the catalyst[7], in which Co(NH3)6 dissociation into Co " and NH3 occurs on the activated carbon surface followed by reduction of Co with H2O into Co, O2 and H. ... 

S. Alstrom and R. G. Burns, Cyanide production by rhizobacteria as a possible mechanism of plant growth inhibition. Biology and Fertility of Soils 7 232 (1989). 

As noted above, many of the AEDs induce hepatic microsomal enzyme systems and thus reduce the effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives. Women taking AEDs that may reduce the effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives should be encouraged to also use other forms of birth control. Due to induction or inhibition of sex hormone metabolism and changes in binding of hormones to sex hormone binding globulin, some AEDs may reduce fertility. For example, valproate has been associated with a drug-induced polycystic ovarian syndrome. Women who experience difficulties with fertility should seek the advice of health care professionals with expertise in fertility. 

Increased levels of nitrogen and phosphorous reduced the Inhibition of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) growth caused by -coumaric and vanillic acids (8a). Although other explanations are possible, these effects of fertilizers suggest that Inhibition of mineral absorption was responsible for the observed Inhibition of growth. 

In addition, anandamide was found to parallel classical cannabinoid pharmacology in a series of nonbehavioral experimental systems. In isolated MVD, (Pertwee, 1992) and guinea pig ileum, it inhibited electrically evoked twitch responses (Pertwee, 1995). Moreover, anandamide was shown to decrease intraocular pressure in rabbits (Pate, 1995), to reduce sperm-fertilizing capacity in sea urchins by inhibition of the acrosome reaction (Schuel, 1994), and to produce hypotension in rats (Varga, 1995). 

Schuel H, Goldstein E, Mechoulam R, Zimmerman AM, Zimmerman S. Anandamide (arachidonylethanlamide), a brain cannabinoid receptor agonist, reduces sperm fertilizing capacity in sea urchins by inhibiting the acro-some reaction. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1994 91 9460-9464. 

Banger K, Tian H, Lu C. Do nitrogen fertilizers stimulate or inhibit methane emissions from rice fields Global Change Biol. 2012 18 3259-3267. 

The effects of decadienal (24) as well as of diatom extracts are not restricted to the reduction of copepod success. Low, micromolar concentrations of this compound also inhibits fertilization, embryogenesis, and hatching success in polychaetes and echinoderms. Crude diatom extracts as well as purified aldehydes inhibited these processes in a dose-dependent manner [80]. 

Allelopathy arises because growth stimulating, or inhibiting plant and microbial produced biochemicals which are released into the environment. The stress conditions such as moisture, temperature, fertilizer, soil, pests,... 

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