Federal Support for Life Sciences

Industry, on the other hand, has never been a significant contributor of research facilities other than its own in-house laboratories (207).2When industry has provided research grants or contracts to academic institutions, its support for indirect and overhead expenses (which pay for facilities and administration) has generally been below the standard Federal contribution for such costs. 

Dollars devoted to research and facilities do not fully reflect the importance of Federal support for the academic research infrastructure upon which industry depends. Not only did institutions of higher education receive 62 percent of NIH R D funds and 53 percent of all Federal health R D money, but colleges and universities receive virtually all Federal funds for research training (482).3Academia, in turn, has used these re- 

Over the last 10 years, the number of doctoral-level biomedical research jobs in industry has grown about 12 to 13 percent per year compared with an average 4.9 percent increase for biomedical research jobs in all sectors (207). Pharmaceutical companies make more intensive use of trained scientific personnel than do firms in other industries. While all industries together employ 27 trained scientists or engineers per 1,000 employees, the pharmaceutical industry hires 62 per 1,000 employees (figure 9-3). 

1 The other most common sources of funding for biomedical research facilities are State and local government and debt financing by the research institution itself (207). 

3 Remaining Federal and NIH research money went to industry, Federal, State and local governments, and private nonprofit orgnizations not engaged in higher education. 

---